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G'SEXRIGHT DEPOSIT 



MAKING 
MISSIONS REAL 

Demonstrations and Map Talks 
For Teen Age Groups 



BY 

JAY S. STOWELL 
And Others 




THE ABINGDON PRESS 

NEW YORK CINCINNATI 



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Copyright, 1919, by 
JAY S. STOWELL 



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"For we must share, if we would keep 

That blessing from above; 
Ceasing to give, we cease to have; 
Such is the Law of Love." 



CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Foreword 7 

I. Africa 11 

A Map Talk on Africa 11 

Health in Africa 13 

A Palaver About Two African Heroes 17 

Sermon by Pastor Watch on Ananias and Sap- 

phira 21 

"Hata" (We are coming), or, The Missionary's 

Answer to the Native Chief 23 

First Christian Interview with King Umzila, 

King of Gazaland 25 

Translating the Bible in Africa 28 

Doctor Hartley 30 

II. Alaska r 33 

A Map Talk on Alaska 33 

III. Americanization 36 

The Wealth of the Nations 36 

The Court of All Nations 41 

Such Stuff as Dreams are Made of 46 

Two Boys, but One Country 51 

Why My Parents Came to America 53 

A Labor Day Service 56 

The Streaming Hordes 63 

IV. Bible 65 

The Romance of Bible Translation 65 

V. China 71 

A Map Talk on China 71 

A Morning's Dispensary 74 

Girls in China 78 

A Hero in China * So 

Christianity an Economic Disturber 83 

VI. Europe 86 

A Resurrected Nation 86 

VII. Hawaii 91 

A Map Talk on Hawaii 91 

A Glimpse of the Land of Pineapple and Palm . . 94 

5 



CONTENTS 



PAGE 

VIII. India 97 

A Map Talk on India 97 

Which Way? 100 

Flashlights from the Mass Movement 103 

India (An Exercise) 105 

Some Good Stories from the Far East 108 

IX. Japan 115 

Beginning a Sunday School in Japan 115 

The Fall of the Gods 119 

X. Labrador 125 

The Deep Sea Doctor's Challenge 125 

XL Medical 130 

A Plea for Medical Missions 130 

"A Missionary and a Half" 132 

XII. Mexico 134 

In "Cactus Land" 134 

XIII. Pacific Isles 137 

A Map Talk on Malaysia 137 

The Sinking of the Well . . 141 

The Greatheart of New Guinea 145 

XIV. Porto Rico 152 

A Personal Touch from Porto Rico . . . 152 

XV. South America 156 

A Map Talk on South America 156 

American-Trained Lads in Bolivia 159 

XVI. Stewardship 162 

"Thank You" 162 

The Village Priest 168 

"Is It Nothing to You?" 170 

XVII. Western America 172 

A Map Talk on the Frontier 172 

A Map Talk on Montana 175 

A Map Talk on Wyoming 177 

A Map Talk on Colorado 178 

XVIII. World 180 

The Vision of a World's Need 180 

"You Are the Hope of the World" 182 

Life Investment 184 

A Call from Afar 187 

"Fling Out the Banner" in Pantomime. . 190 



FOREWORD 

The material of this book is designed to assist work- 
ers in the church school and others who have any 
responsibility for the religious education of groups 
above the Junior age, in bringing vividly to the atten- 
tion of their pupils something of the meaning of the 
great missionary program of the church. It is par- 
ticularly adapted for the use of missionary superin- 
tendents, Sunday school superintendents, superintend- 
ents of Intermediate, Senior, and Young People's 
departments and leaders in other young people's 
organizations of various kinds. All of the material 
is of the sort which can be presented informally in 
connection with the regular sessions of the church 
school without interfering in any way with the usual 
class session. So used these exercises will not only 
greatly enrich the educational program of the school 
or department and add new interest and life to its 
sessions, but they will also provide a much needed out- 
let for the energy of youth in attractive and genuinely 
educational expressional activity. In many cases a 
careful study of the use of the school period will 
reveal the fact that more time is now wasted or used 
to little advantage in an average session than is re- 
quired for the presentation of one of these exercises. 

The use of this book should encourage the habit 
of arranging other. map talks, brief dramatizations of 
scenes from various books, and demonstrations adapted 

7 



8 FOREWORD 

from the actual experiences of missionaries in action. 
Public school teachers and many progressive church 
school leaders have long ago utilized the desire of 
pupils to express themselves in a variety of ways and 
particularly to "act out" the things which they learn. 
It remains for the rank and file of church school lead- 
ers to learn that there is nothing mysterious about this 
method of education, and that we must find all sorts 
of opportunities for the expression of the pupil's ener- 
gies if we are to make the educational work of the 
school genuinely effective, or if we are permanently 
to maintain the interest of the pupils. 

The preparation of maps, charts, or blackboard 
drawings, the learning of brief parts, the search for 
information, and the working out of details may be 
made educational in a very real sense. In cases where 
two or mpre pupils are involved in the presenta- 
tion of a demonstration, carbon copies of the material 
to be used may be made by a member of the depart- 
ment, who owns or has access to a typewriter. Even 
so simple a matter as this, done as a service to the 
group, may become a genuine means of training in 
Christian living. In some instances definite sugges- 
tions of form and method have been omitted so that the 
initiative of the participants may be brought into play 
both in the search for needed information and the 
working out of details. In no case is a costume abso- 
lutely essential, although in some instances simple 
costumes will lend effectiveness to particular demon- 
strations. Announcements, explanations by the leader, 
and printed signs and labels may often be used in lieu 



FOREWORD 9 

of scenes and costumes. This book will have failed 
of its purpose if the material here presented seems to 
be too elaborate to be used in an ordinary school. 

Some of the brief demonstrations here contained 
were used at the Methodist Centenary Celebration at 
Columbus, Ohio. The author is indebted to Dr. E. H. 
Richards, of Africa, for several of the Africa demon- 
strations. Mrs. Madeleine Sweeny Miller, Miss Dora 
N. Abbott, and Miss Mary L. Stover have also made 
valuable contributions. Other acknowledgments are 
made elsewhere. 

Jay S. Stowell. 

New York City, August 15, 1919. 



I 

AFRICA 

A MAP TALK ON AFRICA 

Suggestions: A map of Africa carefully prepared by a 
member of the department should be used in connection with 
this talk. The various political divisions of Africa should be 
indicated on the map. Draw out by questions from the group 
as many facts about Africa as possible. 

Africa is three times as large as Europe. It is as 
far around the coast of Africa as it is around the 
world. 

Africa has 40,000 miles of river and lake navigation. 

There are more than 25,000 miles of railroad in 
Africa. 

The population of Africa is 130,000,000. 

Abyssinia and Liberia are the only native ruled 
countries of Africa. 

During the last fifty years nine tenths of Africa has 
been claimed and ruled by European countries. 

The Cape-to-Cairo Railroad, soon to be completed, 
will bring the southern tip of Africa within ten days 
of London and Paris by railroad. 

Africa contains ninety per cent, of the world's 
diamonds, and she provides uncounted millions in 
rubber, ivory, nuts, oil, copper, gold, and many other 
products. 

Livingstone, the first explorer of Central Africa, has 
been dead less than fifty years. 

11 



12 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

North Africa, with a population of 40,000,000, is 
Mohammedan. 

Southern Africa, with a population of 10,000,000, is 
largely Christian. 

There are 80,000,000 people between North and 
South Africa who are largely pagan. At present 
Mohammedan emissaries are winning the pagans of 
Central Africa to Mohammedanism three times as fast 
as Christian missionaries are winning them to Chris- 
tianity. 

There are 543 distinct languages and 300 dialects 
in Africa. The Bible, or portions of it, has been 
printed in 100 African languages. 

The boys and girls of Africa need churches and 
schools where they will be taught, not only the story 
of Jesus Christ, but also how to work, how to build 
houses, and how to establish genuine Christian homes 
and a Christian civilization. 



HEALTH IN AFRICA 

The following demonstration, arranged by Dora N. Abbott, 
is adapted from World Outlook, December, 1917. 

Two young men take the parts of the missionary and his 
friend. They are seated at a table visiting, the missionary 
displaying some pictures from Africa. The friend has just 
been rejected for military service because he was not 
physically fit. 

Friend (looking at a- picture of a black man) : Poor 
duffer ! At least he doesn't belong to a race of physical 
degenerates like me ! That is what the morning papers 
called us who had been rejected from the army. What 
a jolly time this fellow must have ! Life just one long 
camping party ! His summer vacation never ends ! 
At least your ebony sinners don't belong to a race of 
physical degenerates ! 

Missionary: That's exactly what they do. 

Friend: But aren't they healthier than we are? 

Missionary: Of course not ! Health, like most 
things, is a product of civilization. In the first place, 
most Africans I know are undernourished. 

Friend: But all your African has to do when he is 
hungry is to go out and kill a beast. 

Missionary: That's easier said than done. Even 
Roosevelt did not find that so easy. Most of the black 
men of my country — the Kongo — eat beasts that 
disease or the tsetse fly has saved them the trouble of 
killing. 

Friend: Do you mean to say that they eat animals 
that have just died a natural death? 

13 



14 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Missionary: They haven't just died. They usually 
died some time ago. Besides nothing ever dies a 
natural death in Africa. Dying a natural death is 
another of the advantages of civilization. When one 
of my mules is killed by the tsetse fly I have to assert 
my property rights very sternly. They will dig it up 
at night and gorge themselves sick if I do not watch 
out. They think it very selfish of me to keep all that 
good meat for myself. 

Friend: But don't they eat anything else? 

Missionary: Well, there is the sour mush, that's their 
staple. It is a dark-brown, gummy stuff. 

Friend: It must be worse than that corn meal that 
Hoover persuaded my wife to palm off on me. 

Missionary: If your wife had let the corn meal soak 
in a dirty pool of water until it had nearly fallen to 
pieces and decayed and then had pounded it in a stone 
mortar, mixing in plenty of dirt and grit in the process, 
you might have something like it. 

Friend: But at least they have enough to eat, such as 
it is. 

Missionary: That depends! Over in Angola they 
are always starving. A carrier sent with your food 
will eat up his load on the way in sheer desperation. 
It's not because the country is not fertile either; it's 
just because they don't know enough to provide in a 
wet season for the needs of the dry. That is why every 
missionary in Central Africa has to be a good farmer, 
He goes around repeating the miracle of the loaves and 
fishes by teaching people how to raise food; how to 
preserve it, how to cook it and eat it. Even these 



AFRICA 15 

elementary lessons are products of civilization as much 
as reading and writing. 

Friend: But isn't the African healthy otherwise, 
with his outdoor life and all? 

Missionary : Living out of doors is another art that 
one learns in a civilized state. The African's exist- 
ence is not like a summer vacation in the Adirondacks. 
He gets pneumonia from walking in the cold dew and 
malaria from sleeping in swamps. Not knowing the 
cause, he blames the spirits. So he calls in the witch 
doctor who is warranted to kill anyone. The witch 
doctor makes him go through all sorts of violent and 
disgusting exercises to drive away the bad spirits. 
Generally, this ends by some one being tried for witch- 
craft. The one they suspect has to drink poison to 
prove he is not guilty, and usually ends by dying along 
with his supposed victim. Without a knowledge of 
medicine or sanitation, what can you expect but 
disease? The African suffers from all sorts of 
horrible diseases that are now practically unknown in 
civilized countries — leprosy for example. 

Friend: But his social life is not artificial like ours. 
Think of our balls and late dinners ! 

Missionary: Our balls and late dinners, bad as 
some of them are, are mild compared with an African 
party. Doctor Stauffacher in Inhambane told me that 
most of his patients were people who had been stabbed 
when drunk, or who had diseases caused by an impure 
life. No ! No ! Don't let anyone fool you about the 
life of "the natural man." It is a stupid, unclean, and 
violent life from start to finish. That is the reason 



16 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

the missionary must be not only a good farmer but a 
doctor. All missionaries are doctors at times. They 
have to repeat the other great miracle of the New 
Testament — the miracle of healing. 

(After a pause.) 

Friend: You are married now? 

Missionary : My wife and little girl are buried on the 
banks of the Kongo. It is not a healthful country, 
you know. 

Friend: It is too bad that you ever decided to become 
a missionary to such a country. 

Missionary: No, it is not too bad, for Africa is 
worth saving, and some one must sacrifice that those 
who to-day are living in darkness and degradation may 
have a fair chance at the good things of life. 

Hymn: announced and sung at once — "We've a 
Story to Tell to the Nations." 



A PALAVER ABOUT TWO AFRICAN HEROES 

.Suggestions: This exercise is arranged from program ma- 
terial prepared by Augusta Walden Comstock. A "palaver" is 
the African name for "big talk/' The various parts of this 
talk should be given out to different pupils and learned in 
advance. If this is not possible, the parts may be read from 
slips of paper. Keep a duplicate of each part so that if a 
pupil is absent his part may be given to someone else. The 
pupils may remain in their regular seats during the "palaver," 
but in most cases the effect will be more satisfactory if the 
participants sit in a group on the platform, either on chairs 
or on the floor, as the African native sits. Each participant 
will know when he is to speak and will take part without 
announcement. 

Any African curios or products which can be assembled 
may be displayed on a table. 

On the blackboard draw an outline map of the United 
States and to the east of it, one of Africa. With chalk make 
rays of white light radiating from the town in which you live 
across the ocean to Africa. Underneath print the words, 
"The people which sat in darkness saw great light." 

A PALAVER ABOUT A MAN WHO KEPT HIS WORD 

i. When he was a very little boy David Livingstone 
loved to hear the stories of how Jesus went about 
preaching and healing, and he determined to become a 
medical missionary. He used to say: "God had only 
one Son, and he was a missionary and a physician. A 
poor, poor imitation of him I am, or ever hope to be. 
In his service I hope to live and in it I wish to die." 

2. He graduated as a doctor and went to Africa. 
He began his work in a place which was a favorite 

*7 



18 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

haunt of lions. The natives were very much afraid of 
them and did not dare go about the necessary camp 
work. Livingstone knew that if one lion was killed 
the others would be frightened away. The beast w&s 
finally killed, but in the struggle the missionary nearly 
lost his life and received a terrible wound in the arm. 
When his arm healed Livingstone set about building 
the mission house and making a garden. 

3. The Africans learned to love Livingstone very 
much. He was always polite to them, and was so full 
of fun that someone said, "He laughed from head to 
heel." 

4. Livingstone wanted to undertake an unusually 
difficult journey. He promised that he would bring 
all the natives who went with him safely back to their 
homes. Sick and hungry and miserable from some 
thirty attacks of fever, his party finally reached 
Loanda. There Livingstone had a chance to return 
to England. 

5. There was every reason why he should go to Eng- 
land. He had been thirteen years in Africa and was 
almost a skeleton. His dear ones were in England. 
But for the sake of his promise to these black men he 
put away the temptation and, after several months of 
weary marching, brought every man safely back to the 
place from which they all had started two years before. 

6. Once Livingstone was not heard from in a long 
time. The New York Herald selected a young man 
whose name was Henry M. Stanley and said, "Take 
what you want but find Livingstone." After a long 
search he found Livingstone. Stanley was a careless 



AFRICA 19 

newspaper reporter, fond of adventure, and caring 
nothing for Jesus or Christians. After staying four 
months with Livingstone he was so impressed with 
Livingstone's beautiful life that he became a true, 
humble Christian. 

7. After Stanley left him Livingstone never saw a 
white man again. One morning his servants found 
him dead, kneeling in prayer by his bedside. They 
cut out his heart and buried it in the land for which he 
gave his life, and made a mummy of his body. Then 
these loyal followers safely carried the body of their 
beloved friend and teacher more than a thousand miles 
to the sea. It was taken by steamer to England, and 
to-day the body of this splendid hero lies with others 
of earth's great ones in Westminster Abbey. 

A PALAVER ABOUT A YOUNG GARDENER AND A 
ROBBER CHIEF 

1. Robert Moffat was a gardener when, at sixteen 
years of age, he became a Christian. Soon after he 
made up his mind to be a missionary. When he was 
only twenty-one he sailed from the Scotland he loved 
for Africa. He was to go to that part of it where 
lived the fierce robber chief, Africaneer — a terror and 
an outlaw. 

2. After he arrived in Africa his plan of going to 
Africaneer was ridiculed. He was told that he would 
be made a target, and that Africaneer would use his 
skull for a drinking cup and his skin for a drum head. 

3. The journey to Africaneer's country was very 
difficult and dangerous. One day Mr. Moffat had just 



20 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

emptied his gun by shooting at an antelope when he 
saw a spotted tiger, lashing his tail like a cat, about to 
spring upon him from a tree. Keeping his eye on the 
tiger, Mr. Moffat backed away, carefully reloading his 
gun. As he was doing so he stepped upon a large 
cobra, asleep in the grass. The cobra is one of the 
deadliest snakes in the world, you know. 

4. The cobra coiled quickly around his leg, but Mr. 
Moffat shot it before it could strike him. When the 
men examined the snake's bags of poison they told Mr. 
Moffat that if it had struck him with its fangs he never 
would have lived to reach the wagon, which was only 
a short distance away. 

5. Finally Moffat reached Af ricaneer, who received 
him coldly but did not harm him. After a while a 
change came over Af ricaneer. He would sit for hours 
studying his Testament and asking questions. Finally, 
to Mr. Moffat's joy, Africaneer became a Christian 
and a great help to him in his work. 

6. Does it pay? Would it have been better if all 
these splendid heroes had left Africa to its sin, de- 
gradation, ignorance, and darkness? If it does pay, 
then shall the lives of these great men influence us to 
share in this great work of helping Jesus Christ to be 
known in all parts of Africa ? 



SERMON BY PASTOR WATCH ON ANANIAS 
AND SAPPHIRA 

Suggestions: The following is a sermon which is in all its 
essential parts a reproduction of an actual sermon preached by 
a native pastor in Africa. It should be learned by someone 
who can give it well, and presented as a declamation. It will 
help the group to understand just how the native pastor goes 
at his work. The school should bear in mind that while some 
of the phrases may seem amusing, this is a perfectly serious 
presentation with no attempt at the humorous. It should be 
presented by someone who will avoid all suggestion of the 
grotesque. 

"Mr. Ananias and Mrs. Sapphira belonged to the 
church on the outside, but they belonged to the devil 
on the inside. They said, 'Let us be good Christians 
on the outside, but we need not sell all our property 
and give it to the church. We will keep some of the 
pennies in a dark place where no one will see.' So 
they went to church morning and evening and saw all 
the people giving everything they had. They too sang, 
prayed, talked, recited verses, did everything they saw 
everyone else doing; and when they put the pennies in 
they told Peter they had put in everything they had. 
But they had not done so. Then they went home and 
they got their pennies out of the hole where they had 
hid them, and they went down to the Arab store and 
they got a box of sardines, and they got a candle, and 
a soap box. When they went home they swept the 
floor clean and they set down the soap box. Ananias 
sat on it awhile and enjoyed it, and Sapphira sat on it 

21 



Z2 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

awhile and enjoyed it. They got an ax and opened the 
box of sardines, lighted the candle, and in the light of 
the candle they had a grand old gorge. They were 
so fat and so full. And they thought nobody saw 
them. Next day Ananias went to church, sang,, 
prayed, talked, and recited verses as usual, and went 
through the meeting all right. But as they were going 
away Peter stood before them shaking hands with 
everybody, and he said to Ananias: 'Why did you lie? 
You did not lie to the church, you did not lie to man. 
You lied to the Holy Spirit.' Peter said nothing else. 
Suddenly Ananias began to shake with a great shaking. 
He fell down on the ground. His breath went out as 
the fire goes out. He was dead. They wound him 
up in a bark blanket. They got their hoes. They 
carried him out, and they dug for him and buried him. 
Mrs. Sapphira did not go to church that morning. 
She went out to the garden to dig, and inside she was 
laughing at the good things they had had to eat. She 
thought she would go to the meeting in the afternoon. 
She went, and before she sat down, Peter stood before 
her and said to her, 'Why have you joined together 
and lied to the Holy Spirit ?' She did not say a word. 
She trembled, shook, fell down, and the same young 
men who had just buried Ananias came along, rolled 
her up in a bark blanket, carried her away, and dug for 
her. Now, my people, you see that it is not good to 
bear false witness. You see you are not alone. Some 
One sees, and the Maker knows all his children. Even 
if you light your candle, he can see you. It is better 
to walk with Peter than with Ananias." 



HATA (WE ARE COMING) 

OR, THE MISSIONARY'S ANSWER TO THE 
NATIVE CHIEF 

Suggestions: No costumes are required: The leader may 
explain what the different people represent before the demon- 
stration begins. The details of this demonstration are sug- 
gested by Dr. E. H. Richards. 

[Scene: A missionary with an evening school gathered about 
him, and a blackboard for use, is placing examples upon the 
board and teaching the natives how to add and subtract simple 
numbers. This may be prolonged for several minutes, includ- 
ing questions by class members concerning Christianity; sud- 
denly there appears a runner from Chief Kobeni, seventy-five 
miles away. This runner interrupts the teacher, saying:] 

Runner: O White Man, I have come. Our chief 
sends me. I am no man. I am the voice of the chief. 
Send teacher to Kobeni now. Our people are many. 
We are better than these dogs (with gesture of depre- 
ciation for the members of the arithmetic class). We 
can whip them. We are many. We have chased 
them many moons. Teach us, O White Man. We are 
better than they. Send us teachers. We will give 
you a house. We will give you land. We feed you. 
We better than they. Come teach us. We want 
know everything white man knows. 

Missionary: Who is Kobeni? How big is the land, 
and how many people ? 

Runner: Kobeni only great chief. None like him. 
much land. Man cannot walk over his lands in 
days. It takes moons. It takes rains. Our people are 

23 



24 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

many [raises his voice] m-a-n-y! O White Man, they 
cannot be counted. They are like bees — they are like 
mosquitoes. They cannot be counted. 

Missionary: Go home, O King, and come when the 
rains are over. We talk again. There is no mission- 
ary; there is no teacher. We cannot help you this 
year. We will write our friends at home. We will 
try to get you a teacher to come next year. 

[The missionary returns to teaching his class. The 
messenger sadly departs, but before the man is out of 
sight, a second messenger comes. He makes the same 
request, and the missionary gives the same answer. 
The third messenger comes: there is the same story, 
the same request, and the same answer, "We are 
coming. We are coming. We are coming."] 

Leader: We have tried this morning to present be- 
fore you in graphic form an actual incident in the life 
of an African missionary. One of the very hard 
things in the life of a missionary is the fact that he 
must live continually in the presence of great needs, to 
which he cannot minister, and to listen to pleading calls 
to which he cannot respond. There are vast stretches 
of Africa and multitudes of tribes which have never 
had the ministry of a missionary, and where the name 
of Jesus Christ has never been heard. 



FIRST CHRISTIAN INTERVIEW WITH KING 
UMZILA, KING OF GAZALAND 

Suggestions: "Umzila" means "cow's tail." Umzila is king 
of a territory in Africa the size of Ohio, and he has an army 
of 60,000 men. Umzila is a man of forty, straight as an 
arrow, alert, sharp, quick. This demonstration grows out of 
the experience of Dr. E. H. Richards. 

[Scene: Umzila enters followed by two boys and two adult 
attendants, all dressed in dark sweaters. They come in and 
take their places on the floor. After a pause the missionary 
enters and salutes by raising the right hand at the side to the 
level of the chin with palm forward. The king returns the 
salute. The missionary spreads his blanket on the ground.] 

Missionary : Sit on my blanket, O King. 

King: No, White Man, the ground is accustomed to 
me. Let the white man sit on the roll. The roll is 
accustomed to him. [The missionary sits down on the 
ground and begins his conversation:] 

Missionary: O King, our people have sent us from a 
very long way, far beyond the land of the English, to 
tell you of a medicine which will cause you to live 
forever. 

[The Chief eagerly looks for the medicine. The mis- 
sionary hands him a bundle of handkerchiefs and a suit 
of clothes. The king immediately puts on the coat. 
He looks about and admires himself. He has never 
had a coat on before. The missionary gives the king 
a cornet horn. The king looks at it, and after a 
moment passes it by. He is not greatly interested in 
it. The missionary then gives the king an umbrella. 

25 



26 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

The king is very much interested, and the missionary 
shows him how to use the umbrella. The missionary 
then pulls out a much worn Testament, and says:] 

Missionary: O King, here is the medicine which will 
make you live forever. [The king is very much inter- 
ested in the book, and seizes it in both hands.] 

King: Utini, utini ! This is the medicine. [He 
dances about with joy. The chief is so delighted that 
he orders a boy to bring in four head of cattle, and 
another to bring three tusks of ivory for the white 
man. The boys go out. The white man now rises, 
and the king and the missionary look into each other's 
faces.] 

King: White Man, will the medicine make me live? 

Missionary: Yes, O King. 

King: Will it save my people? 

Missionary: Yes, O King. 

King: Will it save my women? 

Missionary: Yes, O King. 

King: If that is true, why have you never come to 
tell us before, O White Man? 

Missionary : This medicine will show you how to do 
right, how to act unselfishly, and how to do very many 
hard things, for the way which leadeth unto life is not 
an easy way, and I must come back to tell you many, 
many things about it before you will be able to follow 
in the path. Would you like to have me come ? 

King: O, come to-morrow T and every day until I 
learn all about this wonderful medicine! 

[In the meantime the king has taken the book and 
has put a string through it and hung it about his neck 



AFRICA 27 

for his medicine. All pass from the stage. As the 
participants disappear from the stage the leader ex- 
plains that this is to all intents and purposes an ac- 
curate presentation of the first meeting of a missionary 
with this famous native chief, and he may supplement 
his statement with some up-to-date facts about the 
status of missionary work in Africa.] 



TRANSLATING THE BIBLE IN AFRICA 

Suggestions: The following demonstration suggested by Dr. 
E. H. Richards, may be elaborated and modified in a variety 
of ways. Further information may be secured from The 
Romance of Bible Translation, page 65. The natives may 
wear dark sweaters, if desired, without coats, but they should 
not darken their faces. The participants should be encouraged 
to extend the discussion of perplexing passages which they 
have themselves discovered. 

A missionary is sitting at a table covered with 
books and manuscripts. The missionary's wife and 
two native assistants are close by. There are also two 
or three other natives. The woman reads part of a 
verse. The missionary reads the same from the manu- 
script which has been prepared, and the natives listen 
carefully to see if the native rendering and English 
are the same. The three men are appealed to in order 
to see if they understand what is being said, repeating 
the same once or twice. 

The lady reads, "Go tell that fox" (Luke 13. 32). 
The missionary asks the native, "What is the word for 
'fox'?" 

The native replies, "O teacher, we are poor country. 
We are all out of foxes." 

The teacher says, "Is there anything like a fox ?" 

The native answers, "What is a fox ?" 

The missionary then describes a fox as a small 
animal which cannot climb a tree, which steals chick- 
ens, and is very cunning and sly. 

The native then says, "O White Man, we have no 

28 



AFRICA 29 

animal like this. We have jackal, which is mean, steal 
chickens but comes at night only, and jackal cannot 
climb trees. Please, White Man, will not jackal do?" 

So jackal is inserted in the place of fox. The verse 
then reads, "Go tell that jackal." 

The missionary now turns to another passage in 
Revelation, which speaks of a bear (Rev. 13. 2) and 
says, "We have a passage here which we never could 
straighten out. It speaks of a bear. What word shall 
we use?" 

The native replies, "No, White Man, we have not 
bear." 

Then the missionary says to his wife, "Suppose we 
use the Greek word here and call it 'arkto.' " 

One of the natives then says, "I do not know if he 
has teeth or claws. I do not know if he has hair or 
wool, but he is in the Bible, and it is all right." 

The discussion of other cases will continue for 
several minutes. The leader in charge of the demon- 
stration will then explain something of the difficulty 
which missionaries encounter in translating the Bible 
into new languages. It is not only the matter of find- 
ing substitutes for the names of animals which the 
natives have never seen, but there are many of the finer 
spiritual truths which it is equally difficult to find 
words to describe. Or, take the simple reference to 
snow and frost in a land which has' never had a freez- 
ing temperature. One actual translation makes the 
phrase, "White as snow," read "White as rain." In 
spite of difficulties, however, the Bible now appears in 
whole or in part in more than five hundred languages. 



DOCTOR HARTLEY 

Suggestions: The following material, adapted by Dora N. 
Abbott from World Outlook, December, 1917, should be pre- 
sented as a monologue. The characters necessary are Doctor 
Hartley and a person who stands hidden and represents the 
voice of his dead wife. Before the presentation the superin- 
tendent should give the following synopsis : 

Synopsis: Fred Hartley and wife ten years before came to 
Africa, where she died. She is buried beside the hospital 
which he has built. Their son has been sent to England to be 
educated. Dr. Harfley has made valuable medical discoveries 
which he has described in an English medical journal. The 
mail which he has just received brings news of his appoint- 
ment to a professorship in England and he desires to go back 
and take it. 

[Scene: An African shack.] 

Dr. Hartley: Smells like a breath from a sewer! 
Hot enough for a stoker's gangway on a steamer ! The 
very air tastes hot ! [He notices the mail on the table. 
Tearing open a letter] — Ah! From my boy! He is 
well and learning. [Tears open the paper and scans 
the table of contents] Here it is! [Reading] "Nothing 
so important has been printed in this journal for years. 
It has attracted great attention. " [Opening another 
letter, he reads] "Dear Fred — You must have known 
what a quake your article would cause. I have just 
come from the Medical Club. They are all talking of 
what you have proved. I stand uncovered. In that 
modest way of yours you mentioned that your scrib- 
bling represents ten years of research. By all that's 
great, old chap, you must know that if you had given 

30 



t 

AFRICA 31 

ten times ten years the result would more than pay! 
I shall wait — yes, wait with such impatience to see 
you. We will sit in the club — you know the corner 
sacred to our confabulations. You shall tell me about 
the hospital under the southern cross and, well — I 
shall listen. There are laurels around that black head 
of yours. By the way, old man, of course you will 
accept, that goes without saying. But that is not the 
reason why they want you. You must have known 
you could not hide your light under a thatched roof. 
The salary is ample. Think of coming back to our 
splendid London college; and 'Professor Frederick 
Hartley' has a neat ring to it, don't you think ? Con- 
gratulations ! If the mail that has brought this has 
brought you the far more important letter, you under- 
stand; if not, I'll tell you that you were elected at a 
special meeting of the- board. Let it not be more than 
time necessary to pack your grip, thrash out the jungle, 
and brave the submarines." [Leaning back in deep 
thought] Ten years — and you, my dearest one, buried 
far from England, where your life might have been 
spared me. [Opening the next letter] England! 
Home ! London ! the club ! The Strand at night ! The 
lights ! I must wait until some one can be sent out 
to take my place. I have just asked for an assistant. 
How can I wait? [The fourth letter drops out as he 
! picks up a paper. He reads] "Thousands of doctors 
are going to the front. To grant your request is abso- 
lutely impossible, and will be until the end of the war. 
We have done our best to obtain even an inexperienced 
man, but without result. Until the end of this terrible 



32 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

struggle you must get along with the two natives you 
have trained." [Speaking to himself] I must go! I 
will leave my native helpers in charge and find a man 
in London myself. No one can expect me to be in 
exile longer. Ten years is enough. [He writes a 
letter to his friend] "Dear Pal : Thanks for your kind 
letter. I am leaving soon and will arrive in London 
about Christmas time. I must go over to the hospital 
now." [He goes over to the hospital and examines a 
patient] This operation can't be done for a week. I 
will have to wait that long, anyhow. [Returning he 
hears a voice and pauses. The voice speaks] 

"Dear, this would be your first desertion. It would 
be impossible to get anyone to take your place. No 
honors — nothing would give you peace. There is but 
one thing you can do, and strength will be given you 
to do it." 

[Speaking to himself] A touch of fever. There 
was no voice. [Coming back to the office, he rereads 
the letter, as he says] O God ! I pray that I may be 
allowed to accept. I must take a look at that poor 
man who was brought to the hospital to-day. [As he 
comes opposite his wife's grave, he speaks] "Dearest, 
I do not know whether you spoke to me, but I have 
made my decision. My place is here. [Goes back 
and tears up the letter accepting the professorship and 
adds this to his friend's letter] "I will write more fully 
later, but have decided not to accept the offer and will 
remain in Africa." [Facing his wife's grave and 
standing at attention] From our Captain I have re- 
ceived my orders, dearest, and I follow them. 



II 

ALASKA 

A MAP TALK ON ALASKA 

Suggestions: This map talk may be presented by the leader 
of the department, or by some individual appointed by the 
leader. A map of Alaska is essential. If a map is not already 
available, one may be prepared in advance by a member of 
the school, either on a large sheet of paper or on the black- 
board. The most effective map would probably be a map of 
Alaska superimposed upon an outline map of the United 
States. The speaker may present the various facts himself, 
or he may draw many of them out by questions addressed to 
the group. The following facts are all particularly interesting, 
and will form the basis for the talk : 

Alaska derives its name from an English corrup- 
tion of the native word "Al-ay-ek-sa," probably mean- 
ing "the great land," or "mainland." 

The Russians visited Alaska as early as 1741, and 
thus acquired and later established a claim to Alaska. 

In March, 1867, Alaska was purchased from Russia 
by the United States for the sum of $7,200,000 in gold. 

At that time there were many protests against the 
purchase, and the land was called "Seward's Folly," 
and later it came to be known as "Uncle Sam's Ice- 
box." 

We have come to see that Alaska is in reality 
"Seward's Wisdom," or, as President Wilson phrased 
it, "the treasure-house of the nation." 

33 



34 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

The discovery of gold in the Klondike in 1896 drew 
a large crowd of settlers. 

Alaska is about one fifth as large as the United 
States, but the islands extending westward and the 
narrow strip extending to the southeast give it an east 
and west stretch as great as from the Atlantic to the 
Pacific Ocean in the latitude of Los Angeles. The 
northernmost point of Alaska is practically as far from 
the southernmost point as is our Mexican border from 
the Canadian border. 

The Yukon River flowing across Alaska is one of 
the large rivers of North America, being fifth in size. 

Alaska has all sorts of climate. In some places the 
ground is frozen to a depth of over three hundred feet. 
In other places the temperature rarely or never goes as 
low as zero. 

The population of Alaska, according to the last 
census, is approximately 65,000, 36,000 of whom are 
white. 

Up to the end of 191 5 Alaska had produced 
$300,000,000 worth of mineral products. This is 
rather a large return on an original investment of 
$7,200,000. 

Thousands of acres of good farm land are available 
in Alaska. Even in regions where the ground thaws 
only eighteen to twenty-four inches, good crops are 
raised. Grains, vegetables, and fruit are raised in con- 
siderable abundance in various sections. 

In 191 1 thirty tons of potatoes were grown on seven 
acres in the Tanana Valley. 

There are large stretches of grazing land, and cattle 



ALASKA 35 

are already being raised in Alaska in considerable 
numbers. 

In 1914 the fisheries of Alaska alone produced 
$21,242,975 worth of food. 

According to a census, there were in 1914, 294,687 
fur-bearing seals on the Probilof Islands. 

The forests of Alaska contain billions of feet of 
good lumber. 

Most of the land of Alaska is still unappropriated, 
and any person qualified to make entry in the United 
States can secure a tract upon application. 

There are 466 miles of railroad in Alaska, and 
wagon roads and trails are being constructed. 

The Siberian reindeer were introduced into Alaska 
in 1892. In 1914 there were in Alaska nearly 58,000 
reindeer, largely owned by the natives. They are 
valuable both for food and clothing. 

As a whole the climate of Alaska is healthful, but 
among the natives, who live under most unsanitary 
conditions, tuberculosis, measles, eye diseases, small- 
pox, and other diseases are common. 

The churches have done some good work in Alaska, 
but there are still thousands of square miles of terri- 
tory in which no minister is to be found. 

The vast undeveloped natural resources of Alaska 
promise a much larger population in the future, and 
one of the tasks confronting the Christian Church in 
America is to help this new country establish 
thoroughly Christian institutions. Like every frontier 
State, it needs outside help, and we are the ones to help. 



Ill 

AMERICANIZATION 

THE WEALTH OF THE NATIONS 

Suggestions: This exercise is arranged by Madeleine 
Sweeny Miller. Characters needed : Six or more Senior girls ; 
one First Year Intermediate boy. 

Hymn: "Come, Ye Thankful People, Come." 

[During singing of last verse, the Intermediate boy, 
dressed as an immigrant with bandana handkerchief 
around neck, and felt hat, comes to platform, sits down 
on stool and meditates, head on hand.] 

Scripture: By missionary superintendent or school 
in concert: "And the sons of strangers shall build up 
thy walls, and their kings shall minister unto thee. . . . 
Thy gates also shall be open continually ; they shall not 
be shut day nor night ; that men may bring unto thee 
the forces of the Gentiles. . . . And strangers shall 
stand and feed your flocks, and the sons of the alien 
shall be your plowmen and your vine-dressers" (Isaiah 
60. 10, 11; 61. 5). [After Scripture, a class of girls 
files unannounced to platform.] 

First Girl [touching lad on shoulder] : 

"Genoese boy of the level brow, 

Lad of the lustrous, dreamy eyes, 
Astare at Manhattan's pinnacles now 

In the first sweet shock of hushed surprise, 

36 



AMERICANIZATION 37 

"Within your far rapt seer's eyes 

I catch the glow of the wild surmise 
That played on the Santa Maria's prow 
In that still gray dawn, 
Four centuries gone, 

When a world began from the waves to rise. 

O, it's hard to foretell what high emprise 
Is the goal that gleams 
When Italy's dreams 

Spread wing and sweep into the skies. 
Caesar dreamed him a world ruled well ; 
Dante dreamed heaven out of hell ; 
Angelo brought us there to dwell ; 
And you, are you of different birth?" 

Boy: "I'm only a dago and scum o' the earth." 

Second Girl: But you mustn't feel that way. Every- 
one doesn't call you a "dago." 

Boy: Then why do they try to get so far from me in 
the car and look at me so cold on the street ? Why do 
your mothers never come to see my mother? She 
likes pretty clothes, same as yours, only she never buys 
any for herself. Us 'leven kids gets them all. Some 
people say us Italians love 'Merica just for money to 
take back to Italy. Us love 'Merica same like you. 
My two brothers' blood ran in same trench as your 
brothers'. Us 'Mericans, not dagoes. 

Third Girl: Yes, that's right. Even if you Italians 
and all the rest of our newcomers should go back home 
and take all your earnings with you, you would still 
leave us great wealth. 



38 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Fourth Girl: You couldn't take away the work you 
did on the Hudson River tunnel, the Pennsylvania 
Railroad, or the great irrigation systems of the West. 

Fifth Girl: Why, if it were not for our new Ameri- 
cans, probably none of us would have a coat to wear 
this morning, for they make nineteen twentieths of our 
country's clothing. 

Sixth Girl: And we might have come to Sunday 
School barefooted, for they turn out four fifths of our 
leather supply. 

'First Girl: And every boy in this room would appear 
without a collar and gloves. 

Second Girl: Perhaps some of us would be standing, 
instead of sitting, for immigrant hands make four 
fifths of our country's furniture. 

Third Girl: Just think, only one in twenty of us 
might have had sugar on our cereal for breakfast, for 
nineteen twentieths of our sugar is refined by our 
foreign friends. 

Fourth Girl: When you come to think of it, even 
our vegetables have immigrants among them; the 
onion originated in Egypt, and oats in Africa; barley 
was first known in Sardinia, and the radish in China 
and Japan; the quince came from Crete, and spinach 
from Arabia. 

[The boy, catching the gist of the appreciative con- 
versation, pulls a Lincoln penny from his pocket and 
says, proudly:] 

Boy: You see this penny? A man came out of 
Russia to make this Lincoln-face. You know why he 
put it there? So all of us common people could look 



AMERICANIZATION 39 

at the face of our great 'Merican President that loved 
poor peoples just like us. 

First Girl: Where do you go to Sunday School? 

Boy: I don't go nowhere. In the old country I go to 
a big church. We come to this free country, we not 
have to go to church. Lots my people not go to 
church ; they not like old church ; nobody ask them to 
come 'Merican church. 

Second Girl [to others] : That's only too true, girls. 
Think what happens to the foreigner when he lands at 
Ellis Island. After his elaborate examination he is 
tired and bewildered. Perhaps a man speaking his 
own tongue comes along, offers to take him to an 
"immigrant home" in the foreign district. The chances 
are that the newcomer goes with him, settles down, 
reads a foreign newspaper; and has little chance of 
seeing the best America has to offer in new opportuni- 
ties and liberties. By and by he forgets that he came 
seeking escape from the burdens of the old land; he 
remembers the pleasant open stretches of country and 
longs to be there. Before long, he finds himself more 
attached to his old home than the new one, with all its 
congested disadvantages close at hand. 

Third Girl: Think how different it would be if we 
could increase the number of our church's representa- 
tives at Ellis Island so that they could meet most of 
the foreigners after they are admitted, take them to 
some great institutional church for a good meal, advise 
them to go inland to the ample farm land, assist them 
in securing tickets, and then turn them over to another 
set of Christian workers at their point of destination, 



40 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

who would introduce them to a Church of All Nations, 
with its manifold opportunities. 

Fourth Girl [to boy] : Yes, do you know that we 
have churches where your mother can attend a sewing 
club and work with other ladies ; where you can play 
basket ball in a great, light gymnasium ; and where you 
can take your little brother to see movies for a cent — 
pictures showing the beauties of our great country and 
many other interesting things? 

Fifth Girl: Wouldn't this be better than playing in 
the alleys of the city, rummaging in refuse cans for 
cigarettes and withered flowers, or getting arrested for 
stealing candy from the back door of a Greek candy 
kitchen ? 

Boy: You make church like that just for us people? 
I never seen a church like that. [His face brightens.] 

First Girl: Yes, all because we realize that we owe 
so much to you Italians and Slavs, Magyars, Croats, 
and all the other folks who have come among us. We 
owe it to you, not simply because of the wealth of 
fresh blood, substantial work, and new ideas you have 
brought us, but because we are all children of one 
Father — God. 

Sixth Girl [to boy] : 
"Newcomers all from the eastern seas, 
Help us incarnate dreams like these. 
Forget and forgive that we did you wrong, 
Help us to father a nation strong 
In the comradeship of an equal birth, 
In the wealth of the richest bloods of earth." 

[All with school sing two verses of "America."] 






THE COURT OF ALL NATIONS 

Suggestions: This demonstration is contributed by Made- 
leine Sweeny Miller. Characters needed : Judge, Clerk, a 
Russian and his witness ; a Serb and his witness ; a Turk, and 
Mary, his daughter, a child of 12. 

Hymn: " America. " 

Scripture Reading [Selected and rendered by an 
Intermediate girls' class]. 

Missionary Superintendent. This morning we are 
to witness a session of a naturalization court and learn 
from the cross-questioning of the Judge some of the 
reasons why those applying for citizenship are not 
given their papers. As the various individuals are 
rejected let us all try to think of means which the 
churches of Christ in America can use to encourage 
aliens to become citizens. The Judge will now take 
the bench. 

[A Senior boy takes his seat in a large chair at table 
on platform. Accompanying him, with large book and 
Bible, is the Clerk. A crowd of applicants and a wit- 
ness for each enter at left of platform.] 

Judge [summoning before him a bearded, grizzly 
Russian of large proportion, wearing slouch hat and 
red tie] : You're a Russian, I believe [as he looks over 
papers]. Do you believe in democracy as a form of 
government ? 

Russian [trembling on his feet and holding to table 
for support] : Yis. 

Judge: You seem nervous. Perhaps you had better 

4i 



42 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

sit down. [Russian sits.] Do you believe in the 
efficacy of our judicial system? 

Russian: Yis. 

Judge: Do you believe in polygamy or anarchy? 

Russian: Yis. 

[The whole court-room laughs, except Judge. 
Russian looks crushed.] 

Judge: I guess you do not understand my question. 
Where do you work? 

Russian: Liberty Steel Company. 

Judge: Did they send you to the Y. M. C. A. Ameri- 
canization Class? 

[The Russian jabbers something unintelligible. His 
witness intervenes.] 

Witness: This fellow works fourteen hours a day, 
your Honor. He can't go to school, but he makes lots 
of money and is a good fellow. 

Judge: He should not be so greedy for overtime pay. 
More school and less work is what he needs. [To ap- 
plicant himself.] Get a book, study up, and return in 
three months. 

Russian [rising and growling threateningly] : All 
right, you fell' — You no see me 'gain. Too hard ! 
[He stalks out.] 

Judge [to witness] : Did he say that he would not 
come back? You had better go out and get hold of 
him and I'll try to see that his company makes it 
possible for him to attend night school either in their 
own plant or at a neighboring church or the Y. M. C. 
A. Next. 

[Witness for Russian exits, right, as a sturdy Serb 



AMERICANIZATION 43 

rises, with witness. The Judge reads his creden- 
tials.] 

Judge: Let me see — you've been here before, haven't 
you ? Aren't you the fellow who wanted to be natur- 
alized so that you could own a dog? I'd like to make 
you a citizen this time. What do we mean by a 
circuit court? 

Serb: Mens ride 'round on horses. 

Judge [ignoring tittering of crowd] : How old must 
a man be before he can vote? 

Serb: Twenty year old, with consent of parents. 

Judge: How many houses have we in Congress? 

Serb: Lots houses — Democrat House, Soviet House, 
'Publican House [beaming confidently]. 

Judge [impatiently] : Take this fellow out. He 
hasn't studied since he was here before. 

Witness: Please, your Honor, this man is rattled. 
He answered all these questions correctly for me, 
coming up on the train. He has already lost sev- 
eral days' work, coming here with the expense of 
witnesses, to file the various documents and to be 
examined. 

Judge: I can't accept him until he gives better proof 
of his intelligence, but I'll do what I can to see that his 
company pays their men while attending Naturaliza- 
tion Court. That's only good business. Next. 

[Exit Serb and Witness. A Turk of about fifty 
answers the summons accompanied by his twelve-year- 
old daughter, Mary.] 

Judge [looking over papers] : I see that you are a 
property owner, a Turk from Bosnia. You speak 



44 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

English fairly well. Do you read or write in any 
language ? 

Turk [pointing to Mary] : My girl, she read, she 
write for me, she go to school. 

Judge [to Mary] : Where do you live? 

Mary: Franklin, Cambria County, Pennsylvania. 

Judge: Is your mother a Turk too? 

Mary: No Turkish woman come to this country. 
She's Serbian. She has a boarding house for ten 
Turks. 

Judge: Are there many Turks in Franklin? 

Mary: Maybe two hundred. 

Judge: Do they have a church, a mosque, facing 
Mecca? 

Mary: No church, just a pool room; the priest's 
brother, Omar, he makes the pool room. 

Judge: O, you have a Mohammedan priest there? 
[Mary nods, "Yes."] 

Judge: What does he do for you people? 

Mary: He works all day in Coke Plant, same like 
other men. When a man catch a woman, Omar puts 
on his fez and black coat, and reads out of a book. 
The Turks all would pay if you make them a mosque. 
They not know how to get one. Everybody else have 
churches. 

Judge: Why can't they go to some other church? 

Mary: There is no church in Franklin — none at all. 
And I hear some man say we have four hundred Slavs, 
two hundred Turks, one thousand and two hundred 
white 'Mericans, two hundred black 'Mericans. 

Judge: Is this possible? 






AMERICANIZATION 45 

Turk: Yis, no mosque, no church, no movie. You 
make us mosque ? 

Judge: No, I couldn't get you a Mohammedan 
mosque, but I believe that some strong church or a 
group of several Protestant churches can be persuaded 
to build you a church where all the various nation- 
alities in Franklin worship at different times, as they 
please. 

Turk [pointing to bulging money-belt] : Good! Us 
catch lots money — us pay. 

Judge [placing hand on Mary's head] : What chance 
have you, little girl, in a Turkish boarding house, 
among Moslems, whose only gathering place is a pool 
room? 

[Exit Turk, Mary, Judge, and all, as missionary 
superintendent comes quickly to platform and asks the 
school to stand, while she prays.] 

Prayer: God, bless this village where no church 
spires rise to mingle with the smoke stacks ; and there 
on Sunday mornings, no Sunday schools summon the 
boys and girls to learn of their Saviour, Jesus Christ. 
Rouse us, O God ! Keep us awake at night, until we 
provide some means of telling them the story which 
will shield them from surrounding sins, and which will 
make them a blessing, not a menace, to the community. 
We dare not call our land "Fair America" while such 
shameful wrongs remain unrighted. God, give us zeal 
to meet the challenge of this hour! In Jesus's name. 
Amen. 



SUCH STUFF AS DREAMS ARE MADE OF 



Suggestions: This demonstration is contributed by Made- 
leine Sweeny Miller. Characters needed, in addition to Mis- 
sionary Superintendent: the President and the Secretary of 
an Intermediate Boys' class, three other class members, and a 
woman teacher. All are on the platform when session opens. 

Hymn [announced by missionary superintendent] : 
"O Master, Let Me Walk with Thee." 

Missionary Superintendent: Miss Blank's class of 
Intermediate boys will present the missionary message 
to us this morning in graphic form. You are asked to 
imagine that they are attending a home mission study 
class, and that their teacher is also secretary of the 
local home service section of the American Red Cross. 
[He leaves the platform.] 

President: The meeting will please come to order. 
Let us continue our discussion of the ideals of our new 
American neighbors, and our influence upon them. 
What has the secretary to say? 

Secretary: I would like to point out one case which 
shows how some of our foreign-born friends are 
forming startling notions in our free atmosphere which 
they carry out in other lands when opportunity 
permits. Take Paderewski, for example. For thirty 
years we all thought of him simply as a wizard of the 
piano. Little did we imagine that under that mop of 
tawny hair dreams of a new Poland were taking 
form — a new Poland reuniting the old parts which 
were parceled out among Austria, Russia, and Ger- 

4 6 



AMERICANIZATION 47 

many just about the time the American colonies were 
linking their destinies together. I can scarcely believe 
that the man who played his popular Minuet in our 
town last year is now premier of Poland. 

First Member: The Polish people have always 
dreamed of freedom, and for five centuries bore the 
brunt of Turkish advances on Europe. 

Second Member: Often they have gone to war for 
the liberty of others, including ourselves. 

Third Member: Kosciusko, by the way, was the only 
one of the great generals who fought for our inde- 
pendence who did not hold slaves. 

Secretary: It looks as though we have inherited a 
good deal from Poland, which makes it seem all the 
worse that an area as large as Illinois, Pennsylvania, 
New York, and Maine has been utterly devastated, 
with millions of children wailing for bread while the 
shopkeepers miserably exist in abandoned trenches. 
Before we entered the war Paderewski was unable to 
carry out any of his political ideals for Poland, but 
used every effort to relieve her frightful suffering, 
raising one hundred and forty-seven thousand dollars 
by his own concerts and lectures, and securing four 
million dollars from committees he established in 
various countries. Then as soon as America joined 
the Allies he touched all the mysterious buttons of 
communication he had at his finger-tips, and in a flash 
organized an army of thirty thousand from the million 
and a half Poles in this country and trained them at 
Niagara. 

President: But our government would not accept 



48 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

their services because they wanted as many Poles as 
were eligible to get into Uncle Sam's big Americaniza- 
tion school when the draft came. 

Secretary: And when they plunged into action at 
Chateau-Thierry under French command, the white 
eagle of Poland appeared on the battlefield of Europe 
for the first time in one hundred and forty-five years. 

Second Member: It all goes to show that we do not 
have any idea what is going on in the minds of the new 
Americans whom we think of as "dumb dagoes" and 
"greasers." 

Third Member: There is Dr. Masaryk too, who 
spent some time in our midst dreaming dreams of a 
new Slav nation and then returned to become president 
of Czecho-Slovakia. 

First Member: Yes, and one of our Christian young 
women has gone at the request of his daughter to make 
a social survey of Prague. 

Second Member: And when we recall that Trotsky 
himself was once in our midst and attended gather- 
ings at our Church of All Nations in New York, it 
makes us realize that America is indeed furnishing 
foreigners with "such stuff as dreams are made of," 
and that it is strictly up to us church folks to see that 
the right sort of stuff goes into those dreams. 

Teacher [eagerly joining in, for the first time] : If 
you really mean business, boys, I can take you to a 
place where you can begin at once to be molders of 
dreams. Yesterday I visited a Polish home, consisting 
of two tiny rooms at the rear end of a house occupied 
by two other families. A service flag and Liberty 









AMERICANIZATION 49 

Loan posters blazed in the window of the kitchen, 
which was also dining and living room for the 
widowed mother and three boys, aged twelve, fourteen, 
and sixteen; The oldest son is now entering Poland 
with the very army you have just been talking about. 

Boys: Whew! That brings it close, doesn't it? 

Teacher: Even after being ten years in this country 
the mother could not say a sentence to me in English, 
but the youngest boy, who was helping with the family 
washing when I went in, attends the Polish school and 
has half his studies in English and half in Polish, so 
he quickly translated my questions. He told me that 
his brother had joined the national army of Pader- 
ewski after the armistice was signed, because he had 
heard some wounded Poles plead for men to take their 
places. "He wanted to join 'Merican army when the 
fight was big," Jo explained, "but they wouldn't take 
him because they thought he was an Austrian, and he 
wasn't — he was a Pole-American." The mother 
showed a postal photo of the family's soldier dressed 
in the new Polish uniform with its strange pointed cap. 
But the service flag in the window w?is an American 
one. 

Boys: Say, Miss Blank, what can we do for them? 

Teacher: The best piece of direct Americanization 
work your class can do right now is to take those three 
fellows some good books full of American ideals. All 
they have to read is Polish newspapers and Catholic 
textbooks in the same language. Take them a boys' 
life of Lincoln, for instance. Later you may find a 
chance to introduce them to the Bible. 



50 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

First Member: I move we adjourn and get busy. 

All: I second the motion. Come on, fellows. 

[They all leave platform, with teacher leading as 
school sings.] 

Song: "O Beautiful for Spacious Skies." 

Missionary Superintendent: Prayer — O God, our 
Father, who thyself didst dream of a universe for our 
dwelling place and didst shape it with thine own hands, 
help us nobly to dream and to plan for the brothers of 
many tongues who dw T ell with us in the world of thy 
creation. Exchange our selfish monoply of the land's 
best interests for a sacrificial sharing of them; for 
prejudice against our neighbors give us respect, and 
for aloofness give us sympathetic interest. In the 
name of Christ who is the Brother of us all. Amen. 



TWO BOYS, BUT ONE COUNTRY 

Suggestions: On a recent Fourth of July in Madison 
Square, two boys spoke for America; one was of the lineage 
of colonial Americans; the other was of the lineage of immi- 
grants. The genius of America is summed up in their two 
statements. Our future is secure as long as we can hold in 
balance these two ideals: fidelity to the best of our past and 
fidelity to our mission to humanity. The men who laid the 
foundation of this republic were prophets. Nathan Hale's 
regret was not that he should not live to enjoy freedom, but 
that he had but one life to give to the making of the promised 
land. A brief introductory statement may be made by the 
leader, and the two declarations presented as declamations by 
two boys. 

American Boy: I am an American! My father be- 
longs to the Sons of the Revolution; my mother to the 
Colonial Dames. One of my ancestors pitched tea 
overboard in Boston Harbor. Another stood his 
ground with Warren. Another hungered with Wash- 
ington at Valley Forge. My forefathers were Ameri- 
cans in the making. They spoke in our Council Halls ; 
they died on our battlefields. They commanded her 
ships ; they cleared up her forests. Staunch hearts 
of my ancestors beat fast as each new star was added 
to our flag. Keen eyes saw her greater glory, the 
sweep of her fields, the man hives in her billion-wired 
cities. Every drop of blood in me holds a heritage of 
patriotism. / am proud of my past. I am an 
American ! 

Immigrant Boy: I am an American ! My father was 
an atom of dust. My mother was a straw in the wind 

51 



52 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

to his Serene Majesty. One of my ancestors died in 
the mines of Siberia. Another was killed defending 
his home during one of the massacres. The history of 
my ancestors is one trail of blood to the palace gate of 
the great White Czar. But then the dream came — the 
dream of America ! In the light of the liberty torch, 
the atom of dust became a man; the straw in the wind 
became a woman for the first time. "See," said my 
father, pointing to a flag that was fluttering near by, 
''that flag of stars and stripes is yours. It is the em- 
blem of the promised land. It means, my son, the 
hope of humanity. Live for it ; die for it if need be !" 
Under the open sky of my new country I swore to do 
so, and every drop of blood in me will keep that vow. 
/ am proud of my future! I am an American ! 






WHY MY PARENTS CAME TO AMERICA 

Suggestions: A prize was recently offered to sixth-grade 
school children for the best essay of the subject, "Why My 
Parents Came to America." The statements noted below are 
extracts from three of the essays prepared by these pupils. 
They may be presented by three of the younger members of 
the department after a brief explanation by the leader. It is 
not necessary for each statement to be learned, but that will 
make the presentation more effective. If the parts are not 
learned, they can be read. This presentation will help the 
members of the school to understand something of the psycho- 
logy of the immigrant who comes to America, and it ought to 
tend toward the promotion of a sympathetic understanding 
of these people. The leader may summarize the situation in a 
word after the essays have been read. 



"My parents came to America because they had to 
work for the landlord in Russia. They began at sun- 
rise and finished at sunset. They had to walk a mile 
and a half on foot. They worked for thirty cents a 
day Russian money, and fifteen cents United States 
money. Their work was to load trie wagons with 
manure from the beginning of March to the last days 
of April, and from June to the last days of July. 
From the first days of August they had to tie wheat, 
oats, barley, and other things into bundles and carry 
them to the wagons. They had to stand in a row 
with the other people and hand from one to the next 
the bundles of corn, wheat, and other things until it 
came to the machine. After that they had to put rye 

53 



54 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

and wheat in the air machine to have it cleaned. When 
they came to America they thought they were in 
heaven and thanked God." 



II 

"My mother expected to find an easier way of earn- 
ing her living, for it was quite hard for a young lady 
to work in the fields, while in America in the shop 
work was much easier and the wages greater. 

"My grandfather came here because of the panic 
caused by the Franco-Prussian War. After the war the 
taxes and rents there that had accumulated for three 
years were presented for payment. My grandfather 
had relatives here who told him of the conditions of 
working and earning a living here, so he came over to 
see if it were true. In the old country the poor folks 
are suppressed and held down. They have not the 
chance to improve that they have here. The first 
thing my grandfather did was earn enough to be able 
to send some money to his wife to pay her passage 
over. Then he was happy. He found that this coun- 
try was all that his friends had pictured it to be. He 
has become a citizen of the United States and has 
never been sorry for swearing allegiance to it. . 

"Four weeks before the war broke out we sailed to 
America. My father's mother was living in this coun- 
try, and she wrote that it was such a fine country and 
that my father could earn $20 a week here. My 
father said no man in Hamburg could earn that much. 
Another reason is because my mother did not want my 



AMERICANIZATION 55 

father to go to war, then she wouldn't know what 
would become of her children." 



Ill 

"My parents came to America so that their children 
might obtain a better education. In foreign countries, 
especially in those parts where my parents lived, it was 
very hard to obtain an education. Children had to 
start working when they were very young, and it was 
hard work they did too ; they received hardly anything 
for their work and were always at the same thing; 
they never had a chance to learn something better. 
Here in America children have a better chance to get 
an education and their parents can afford it because 
they are paid better wages. My parents have been 
educating themselves since they came to this country. 
They go to night schools where they learn English, and 
while they are at work they learn many useful things. 
So my parents are not sorry they came to America, 
and they are ready to stand by her always. 

"People in Europe have very little chance for educa- 
tion, and for that reason many of the 1 people coming 
from Europe are not able to write their names. Here 
their children have a chance to go to school whether 
rich or poor." 



A LABOR DAY SERVICE 

IN PRAISE OF WORKERS 

Suggestions: One of the most popular agents in arousing 
the public mind to an appreciation of the folks who toil for 
us is the so-called "social" poetry. While some of it has been 
written from a tiptoe angle looking down with patronage 
upon the poor workingman, or in prosaic words which gain 
vigor at the expense of beauty, many poems of this sort con- 
tain a challenge stirring enough to turn the searchlight of our 
sympathy upon people whom we have too often taken for 
granted. The following exercise is based upon social lyrics 
from Songs from the Smoke, 1 by Madeleine Sweeny Miller. 

Song: "Work, for the Night Is Coming." 
First Speaker: Let us first see the workers as they 
pour out through the blackened mill gates at evening, 
with empty dinner buckets dangling from their tired, 
big-muscled arms : 

Five O'clock 
The whistle blows : 

The weary workers drop their polished tools 
And, leaping from the bondage of their rules, 
Snatch from the numbered hooks their dusty caps 
And swing their legs unsteadily along. 
Their twisted forms and faces gauntly glad 
Are glorified, 

As from the mill's black gate and office doors 
The throng in grim array 
Steps out into the sunset light again, 
A tarnished host. 



1 Order of The Methodist Book Concern. 

56 



AMERICANIZATION 57 

The whistle blows: 

The city's pulse beats fast with tramping feet. 

Big traffic deftly weaves its way along, 

And all the labyrinthine maze 

Of crossing ways 

Untangles marvelously : 

A thousand movements swing to one sweet rhythm, 

Going home. 

Second Speaker: It is hard for men to remain 
sensitive to God's revelations of beauty in nature when 
they spend most of their time in the rusty sordidness 
of the thundering mill yards. But harder still is it 
to retain the spark of radiant spirituality when sur- 
rounded by the black materialism of sneering com- 
panions. The poem which I am about to recite, 
"Snuffed Out," shows this truth very clearly. 

Snuffed Out 

One day a toiler walking home among a crowd of men 

At sunset viewed a wondrous sight and called the 
Other Ten : 

"An artist has been here to-day, since we went in 
the mill ; 
i He's made the housetops all aflame, and every window- 
sill 

Is shining round the burning glass that glows with 
brands of fire; 

His brush has left a crimson sky and colored every 
spire ; 



58 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

The grass is painted brighter green, and every dusty 

leaf 
That silent hangs upon the tree is sketched in bold 

relief." 

"Just hear poor Dan, he's raving mad/' called out the 

Other Ten. 
"We'll see him home, he's gone all right ; he'll not be 

back again." 









And then they laughed full hideously, and mocking, 

sneered at him, 
Till pale he grew, and scarlet turned, then as before, 

was grim. 

The Other Ten, whose dusty coats encased ten dusty 

souls, 
Had snuffed the kindling flame of light with jeers and 

coarse cajoles. 

O busy men of mart and mill, O men of shop and 

street, 
May never you commit their sin when you some 

brother meet 
Who, having seen a spark from God, tells forth the 

wondrous sight, 
But finds the soul snatched from his words, and from 

his spark, the light. 

Third Speaker: No worker in our land toils as cease- 
lessly from dawn until dark as the little foreign 
mother. She is pitifully unappreciated. Shut off 



AMERICANIZATION 59 

from the Americanizing influences which touch her 
husband at his work, and her children in school, she 
hovers between her steaming washtub and sizzling 
stove, and fails to see how America is any improve- 
ment for her over Poland or Croatia. The poem 
which I am about to quote was originally written for 
the Survey, and later copied elsewhere, for its vein of 
sympathy with an unsung heroine. 

Immigrant Motherhood 

Down yonder she sits in the half -open door; 

'Tis plain she has never had time to before ; 

Her first little child sleeping there on her breast, 

Poor soul, how she feasts on this banquet of rest. 

But all is so strange to her, people don't care, 

They just pass her by, with a questioning stare. 

How youthful and brave is .the firm-molded face — 

Still fresh with the blood of her farm dwelling race! 

But O, the great pain as she sees in her child 

A trait of some kinsman at home in the wild. 

For here, all is strange, and these people don't care 

How nearly she's starving for those over there. 

Too soon she must leave the wee son of her youth 
To toil in the shops with the bold and uncouth, 
To roll fat cigars or to tie willow plumes 
Or stand the day long by the thundering looms, 
Where no one is strange and the bosses don't care, 
But just pass her by with a growl or a glare. 



6o MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Yet, courage to you, little Mother of Men, 

Some day the whole land will protect you, and then 

Your pure young blood will strengthen our race, 

Renewing our life, setting hope in our face, 

And you'll find it so strange, how all of us care, 

Who once passed you by with contempt in our stare. 

Fourth Speaker: Many a worker's only sunshine is 
the love of his boys and girls. "Rain at the Mill" is a 
photograph in verse of a heartsome little scene which 
occurred one dreary, steamy day in the shadow of 
Pittsburgh's mill stacks. 

Fog filled with dust, 
Rain full of smoke, 
Air bearing vapors that stifle and choke; 

Odors of must 

Drenched with wet steam, 

Puffed from the stacks shooting flames of red gleam; 

Tricklings of rust, 

Leaked through the roof, 

Rotting men's garments the warp from the woof. 

Then a young face freshly touched by the rain, 
Molded in sorrow and sweetened by pain, 
Looks shyly in through the wide-open door, 
Waiting for father, at work down the floor. 
And when he sees her and notes how the boys 
Gaze in delight till their staring annoys, 
Quickly he goes to the ghild of his heart, 
Hungrily kisses her, bids her depart. 






AMERICANIZATION 61 

Then walking back with the basket she's brought, 
Works with the joy that her coming has wrought; 
All is more bright in the mill than before, 
When he remembers that smile at the door. 

What if the dust, 
Odors of must, 

Rise from the flames that shoot out their red gleam ? 
What if the smoke, 
Fire-fumes that choke 

All afternoon bring their stifling steam? 

For he is thinking of home through the rain, 
Where a young face at the clear window pane 
Watches at evening, as one long before 
Watched for the father and smiled at the door. 

Fifth Speaker: I wish to recite for you, without 
comment, a poem which carries a rebuke deserved by 
most of us at one time or another, but especially at the 
Christmas season. 

The Delivery Boy 

I've noticed that no one has bothered to write 

The praise of a poor little shivering mite 

Like me, in a story or leather-bound book, 

To read in the glow of a warm inglenook; 

No painter sees art in my wind-blistered cheeks, 

Or picturesque poses in me ever seeks ; 

I'm nothing unusual, nothing sublime, 

I'm only worth while when I "get there on time." 



62 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

I'm never too tired to be sent out at night 
At some one's request for fresh thrills of delight; 
It may be a dress, or it may be a flower, 
Whatever it is, it must come on the hour. 

How seldom the voice at the door tells me, "Thanks," 

How rarely one heart from the great human ranks 

Inquires of my soul if it be weak or well, 

When maybe I'm verging the borders of hell. 

For no one has thought me a subject for song, 

Or singled me out from the hustling throng; 

I'm nothing unusual, nothing sublime, 

My gentlest endearment is, "Get here on time." 



THE STREAMING HORDES 

Suggestions: The following poem, by Ralph Welles Keeler, 
may be presented as a recitation or reading by a pupil: 

Still do the streaming hordes sweep in 
Through open gates ; on shores still wet 

With crying blood of brother's wrongs, 
Where every evening sun doth set. 

Upon the discontent and need, 

Upon the homeless home ; the strife 

Bereft of ideals' strengthening arm — 
The empty, hopeless, sordid life. 

The widening stream spreads on and out 
Through village road, through city street, 

Far o'er the undulating plains, 

Away where sky and mountains meet. 

As settling sediment sinks down 
To make more fertile, else as drift 

To smother growing blades that strive 
Above their earthy beds to lift. 

Shall this stream choke our nation's life, 
And hopes, ideals, droop and die? 

Shall freedom's song our fathers sang 
Be but an echo to the sky? 

63 



64 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Still do the streaming hordes sweep in 
Through open gates — a motley throng. 

God give us strength to make them men 
And teach them brotherhood's own song! 



IV 
BIBLE 

THE ROMANCE OF BIBLE TRANSLATION 

Suggestions: The following material may be used as the 
basis for a leader's talk, or it may be presented as a reading 
by some good reader. It should lead the pupils to appreciate 
something of the problems which the missionary meets in 
interpreting Christianity and also something of the consecra- 
tion which has been manifested in solving those problems. 

To poison even one Bible would hardly seem com- 
mendable, and the poisoning of one thousand Bibles 
might surely be interpreted as an unneighborly act. 
Yet, not so very long ago poison was rubbed into the 
covers of one thousand Bibles which were starting on a 
journey of fifteen thousand miles. The poison was a 
measure of protection against the tropical insects of 
the Gilbert Islands, to which the Bibles were bound. 
They were also soldered in cases that they might not 
be injured by moisture. 

To most of us the Gilbert Islands may not seem very 
large or important. As a matter of fact, Ocean 
Island, to which most of the Bibles just mentioned 
were going for distribution to other islands, is only a 
mile and a. half in diameter. 

To the Rev. Hiram Bingham, however, the Gilbert 
Islanders were of enough importance to warrant his 
spending the greater part of thirty-four years in trans- 
lating the Bible into their language. It was the work 

65 ' 



66 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

of a lifetime. We are not surprised, therefore, to 
know that when the last verse of the last chapter of 
Revelation was completed, put into type, and the proof 
drawn, Dr. Bingham's voice trembled with emotion as 
he read the words to the assembled group of natives in 
their own language. 

The story of Dr. Bingham and of his translation of 
the Bible into the language of the Gilbert Islanders has 
been matched by many similar stories during the past 
hundred years. At the beginning of the nineteenth 
century the Bible had been translated into probably 
not more than twenty-five languages. To-day por- 
tions of the Bible have appeared in approximately five 
hundred different languages, and the entire Bible has 
been printed in one hundred languages. The amount 
of patient labor and self-sacrifice which has been put 
into these many Bible translations is past calculating. 
In many cases from twenty to forty years have been 
involved in the making of a single translation, and the 
cooperation of many people was required. One man 
worked fifteen years upon a translation only to have 
all of his labors swallowed up by the sinking of a boat. 

When Adoniram Judson went to Burma one of his 
first missionary tasks was the translation of the 
Scriptures. The work was well under way when Dr. 
Judson was arrested and put into prison. ■ His wife 
secreted the previous translation and finally buried it 
in the ground. When the approach of the rainy 
season endangered the work Mrs. Judson dug it up and 
sewed it into a pillow so old and unattractive that it 
seemed no one could desire it. This she took to the 



BIBLE 67 

prison for her husband. Judson kept it for some time, 
but when he was being taken from one place to another 
the pillow was stolen from him. It was later thrown 
away, and then found by a native. Months afterward, 
as if by miracle, the translation was recovered un- 
harmed. 

The Ibo Bible was completed several years ago. 
Possibly few of us have any Ibo-speaking acquaint- 
ance, yet there are four million Ibo-speaking people in 
Nigeria, Africa. One native worker, in cooperation 
with the missionaries, spent twenty- two years of labor 
upon this translation. The cost of one of these 
Bibles, when printed, was the equivalent of five full 
days' pay for a laborer. In spite of this fact the 
natives were so anxious to secure Bibles that the first 
edition of five thousand copies was exhausted long 
before the second edition could be received. Manv a 
man walked sixty-five miles in the hot sun and re- 
turned with sixty pounds on his back to earn money 
enough to buy a Bible. 

To copy the Bible by hand in English is a task which 
would keep a high-school or college student busy for a 
very long time ; but to translate the Bible into another 
language, which possibly never before has been re- 
duced to writing, to hunt diligently for correct expres- 
sions, to test every step of the way again and again, 
to read and reread, is a task which tests eyesight, 
nerves, physical endurance, and Christian patience. 

The search for words to express the ideas of Chris- 
tianity is enough to test the heroic qualities of the 
translators. James D. Taylor tells us that, while the 



68 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Zulu translation was being made an entire week was 
spent upon the one word "glory." 

Oftentimes no words can be found for "sin," "love," 
"conscience," and other terms so familiar to the Chris- 
tian. In the Chinese language no word could be 
found for "God." The nearest approach to it was 
the word "ghost." In Madagascar no word could be 
found for "purity," so the word "whiteness" was 
pressed into service. When the first missionaries went 
to work among the Nestorians of Persia there were no 
words for "wife" or "home." In Tahiti no word 
could be found for "faith." At another time trans- 
lators were perplexed because they could find no word 
for "hope." 

A missionary to Africa spent two and one half years 
looking for a single word. One night his people were 
seated around the camp fire telling stories. At last his 
head man, Kikuni, told of a serious adventure with a 
lion. Suddenly he said, "Bwana Nukuthaniwa ne 
Kikuni." ("The master was saved by Kikuni.") 

Mr. Hotchkiss, the missionary, at once asked, "Uku 
thani bwana?" ("You saved the master?") 

"Yes," said Kikuni. 

"Why," said Mr. Hotchkiss, "this is the word that 
I've been wanting you to tell me all these days, because 
I wanted to tell you that Jesus died to " 

"Master, I understand now," said Kikuni. "This is 
what you have been trying to tell us all these moons. 
Jesus died to save us from sin." 

The difficulties of Bible translation are not limited to 
those having to do with the expression of spiritual 



BIBLE 69 

truths. How, for example, would you translate the 
names of the large number of animals mentioned in 
the Bible to the people of Micronesia, who had never 
seen a four-footed beast? How would you translate 
Isaiah 3. 18-23 with its reference to anklets, crescents, 
pendants, bracelets, mufflers, headtires, ankle chains, 
sashes, perfume boxes, amulets, festival robes, mantles, 
shawls, hand-mirrors, fine linen, turbans, and veils, 
to the Zulus, whose wardrobe consisted of a little bead- 
work, a blanket, and a skin apron? How would you 
translate the many references to frost, snow, and ice 
to people on a tropical island, who had never experi- 
enced a temperature as low as freezing? The follow- 
ing is an actual translation in the Fiji Islands of Isaiah 
1. 18: "Though your sins be as scarlet, they shall be 
as white as rain." By mistake one translator made 
the people throw "thorn bushes" instead of "palm 
branches" in the way at the time of Jesus's entry into 
Jerusalem. 

It is not surprising that Grenfell talked about the 
"seal of God," to people who never had seen or heard 
of a lamb, or that he found the use of v the first psalm 
difficult among a people who never in their whole lives 
had seen a growing tree. The foregoing incidents 
indicate some of the problems which confront the 
person who w T ould translate the Bible into a foreign 
language. In spite of difficulties and discouragements, 
however, the work of Bible translation has steadily 
progressed until only a relatively small fraction of the 
people of the world do not have at least a portion of 
the Scriptures in their own language. 



70 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

That this work has been appreciated and has brought 
its reward is well illustrated by the story told by John 
G. Paton of the reception given to his first translation 
of the Bible in the New Hebrides Islands. 

As the work was finished the old chief, Namakei, 
cried, anxiously: "Missi, is it done? Can it speak?" 

"Yes." 

"Does it speak my words ?" 

"It does." 

"Make it speak to me, Missi. Let. me hear it 
speak." 

When a portion had been read the old man shouted 
in an ecstasy of joy. Later he was fitted with glasses 
and learned the alphabet. From that time on he 
seized every opportunity to address his people : "Come, 
I will let you hear how the Book speaks our own 
words. You say it is hard to learn to read and make 
it speak. But be strong and try. If an old man like 
me has done it, it ought to be much easier for you." 



CHINA 
A MAP TALK ON CHINA 

Suggestions: A good map of China should be secured for 
this talk. One showing the various provinces of China is to 
be preferred. If possible, have this map drawn by a member 
of the department. It may be drawn upon a sheet of paper 
or upon the blackboard. Many of the facts presented are not 
strictly geographical facts, but they may form a good point of 
departure and help to visualize the situation in China. Before 
the speaker makes use of the material which he desires to 
present he should draw from the pupils by questions as many 
facts about China as possible. These may be written, pref- 
erably on the blackboard, and then supplemented by the 
leader, or supplemented as the questioning proceeds. 

China is one of the oldest countries in the world. 

China has a larger population than any other coun- 
try in the world. One fourth of the human race lives 
in China — 400,000,000. 

Long before the beginning .of the Christian era 
China had a high degree of civilization. 

The Chinese invented printing, discovered the 
principle of the mariners' compass, manufactured gun- 
powder, built roads of the finest quality, began the 
cultivation of tea, and constructed fifteen hundred 
miles of wall which stands as one of the wonders of 
the world to-day, while our own ancestors were little 
more than barbarians. Then China took a long, long 
nap. 

7i 



J2 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

To-day China is lighted with Standard oil ; and 
Wheeler and Wilson sewing machines, Yale locks, 
Victor talking machines, and multitudinous other 
products of the United States may be seen advertised 
in China. Fifteen thousand Singer sewing machines 
are sold in China annually. 

The Chinese are said to get the largest yield per acre 
of any farmers in the world. 

There are several thousand miles of railroad in 
China. 

Chinese cities are beginning to grow, owing to the 
development of industry in China. 

Labor is very cheap. The women silk weavers in 
Shanghai get from 8 to n cents for eleven hours of 
work. 

China is on the opposite side of the world from the 
United States, and they do many things exactly op- 
posite from us. Words are written in columns instead 
of across the page. The Chinese compass points south 
instead of north. Books are read backward and foot- 
notes are inserted at the top of the page. The spoken 
language of China is not written, and the written 
language is not spoken. The Chinese shake their own 
hands instead of the hands of those they greet. They 
dress in w T hite at funerals and in mourning at wed- 
dings. They begin dinner with a dessert and -end with 
soup. 

The Chinaman is no mystic : we never find him lying 
on a bed of spikes nor torturing his right arm. 

In the interior of every Chinese house you will find 
some place or object of worship. 



CHINA 73 

There are five religions in China: Taoism, Confu- 
cianism, Buddhism, Mohammedanism, and Chris- 
tianity. 

There are more than 80,000,000 boys and girls of 
school age in China who are growing up without 
schools. 

China needs a million school teachers; and if these 
teachers could be Christian, this great country would 
soon be won to Jesus Christ. 

Seven out of ten of the babies born in China die 
before they grow up. 

The Chinese know nothing of sanitation, and have 
no regard for laws of health. Surgery, except as 
learned in Western schools, is practically unknown. 

Just now China is in a plastic state, and Christianity 
has her great chance in China to-day, if we, as the 
heralds of Christianity, are equal to the opportunity 
which is ours. 



A MORNING'S DISPENSARY 

Suggestions: Many missionaries before going out receive 
some training in medicine, which proves very useful where 
there are no doctors. This scene illustrates the twofold work 
of Medical Missions, namely, the healing of the body and the 
preaching of Christ's salvation for the sin-sick souls of the 
patients. This exercise is taken from a collection of exercises 
prepared by Anita B. Ferris. 

CHARACTERS 

One zvoman missionary dispensing. 

One boy. 

Four women patients (one to be another missionary 

when possible, and one with doll as "baby"). 
Others may come into the scene, bringing friends who 

are patients. 

[Scene: A Chinese room— square table, missionary 
arranging bottles, etc., upon it. First Patient enters, 
limping on small feet. Missionary invites her to sit. 
Asks her name.] 

First Patient: My name is Ho. 

Missionary: From how far have you come? 

First Patient: I have walked two miles. My foot 
aches horribly. 

Missionary: What is the matter? 

First Patient: There is a large sore at the back — 
here [shows where]. It aches day and night. I no 
peace. It came some months ago. 

Missionary: Let me look at it and see if I can help. 

First Patient: Look ! No ! No ! I could not un- 

74 



CHINA 75 

cover my foot, it is ugly to see. Just give me a little 
medicine to put on. 

Missionary: O ! don't mind me, I am used to these 
sights. I will shut doors and windows ; no one else 
shall see. 

[Here enters an. old woman nearly blind with staff. 
Tries to kotow. Is prevented by missionary, and 
invited to sit.] 

Missionary:* Where have you come from? 

Second Patient: From the Rippling Waves Valley 
among the hills. 

Missionary : That is a long way. And do you want 
medicine ? 

Second Patient: Just so ! My eyes are dim. I have 
heard say your foreign medicine makes people see. 

Missionary : Some ills we can cure. But how old 
are you? 

Second Patient: Last year eighty years old. 

Missionary [examining eyes] : Ah! I fear your eyes 
are dim with age, no one can cure them. 

Second Patient: So they told me, but I thought the 
foreign lady might give me sight. But there is more. 
I have a little grandchild at home ; the fire-basket upset 
in the bed, and she is all burnt, arm and neck here 
[shows]. Can you give me a plaster to take home — 
put on? 

Missionary : How old is your little grandchild? 

Second Patient rlt is five years. 

Missionary : How long ago burnt? 

Second Patient: Half a moon. 

[Here enter two more patients looking rather 



76 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

nervous, saying, "I fear your foreign dog." One 
carries a baby on her back.] 

Missionary [turning to them] : Please be seated. 
[Turning to old woman again] Have you been doing 
anything for this child? 

Second Patient: We did invite a doctor. He put on 
a plaster; it is black. But it grows worse and cries 
always. 

Missionary: I will come and see the child. 

Second Patient: Do not trouble to come to our 
miserable abode. My son will carry it here in a basket. 

Missionary [turns to Third Patient who is rather 
deaf] : What can I do for you? 

Third Patient: Inside I have a fire. 

Missionary: [producing powders done up in pack- 
ets] : See these packets ! Take one three times a day 
after meals. Do you understand? 

Third Patient: What's that you say? 

Missionary : Take one three times a day after meals. 

Third Patient: Shall I swallow them all now? 

Missionary [turning to Fourth Patient] : Won't you 
tell her how? 

Third Patient: Thank you ! Thank you ! Strange 
how good you are — yet so thin ! But you will live to be 
one hundred and twenty. 

Missionary: It is not my desire to live that long. 
Please wait just a minute. 

Missionary [turning to Fourth Patient] : What is 
your disease ? 

Fourth Patient: My baby is a body of sores. 

Missionary: Let me see? [Baby is taken down and 



CHINA 77 

examined] I fear I must first wash the baby. It is 
very dirty. Our foreign medicine will not act without 
cleanliness. 

Fourth Patient: Wash! that would kill it. It has 
never been washed. 

Missionary: No, it will not kill your baby, but will 
help to make it better. You may watch me, for I shall 
be very careful. [Fourth Patient walks out with 
baby. Boy enters.] 

Missionary : What is it you want? 

Boy: I want mad dog medicine. 

Missionary: What! have you been bitten? 

Boy: No, not bitten me. Yesterday on the mountain 
I met a mad dog. The sun was bright at the time, and 
the shadow fell on me. I fear much. O ! Please, 
teacher, a little medicine. [Missionary with relieved 
expression gives him a dose of something.] 

Missionary: Now, as there are no more patients, I 
will tell you about something better than medicine, 
something to save your souls. See these large char- 
acters ? Can you read ? 

All: No, we are all so stupid. 

Missionary: The verse reads sof [John 3. 16. 
Teaches it, with interruptions at intervals.] 

Fourth and Third Patients: How clever she is ! 

Second Patient: Are you married? 

All: These words are good. 

Third Patient: Look at her shoes. 

Second Patient: Go ! We must go ! 

[Depart in Chinese fashion with leaflets containing 
words of text and invitation to return.] 



GIRLS IN CHINA 

Suggestions: This exercise is adapted from a missionary 
program prepared by Augusta Walden Comstock. The parts 
should be given out in advance and learned by four girls. 

First Girl: I'd hate to be a girl in China and have 
my feet bound. The poor things moan and cry with 
the pain day and night for months. Each day the 
bands are drawn tighter, until all the toes are drawn up 
under the ball of the foot. They have to hobble 
around all their lives on these tiny, crippled feet. 

Now a law has been sent out from Peking forbid- 
ding parents to bind their daughters' feet, and saying 
that no man will be employed by the government whose 
wife or daughters have bound feet. In spite of this 
order, however, foot-binding still goes on. 

Second Girl: I'd hate to be a girl in China and never 
have a chance to go to school. Only one girl in a 
thousand ever knows how to read. I'd hate to go 
away from my own mother when I was twelve or 
thirteen years old to live with a strange woman who 
was to be my mother-in-law, and seldom, if ever, see 
my own folks again. 

Third Girl: I'd hate to be a Chinese girl and be 
ordered around by my brothers, and always have my 
mother wait on the boys and father first. 

When little Mei Li learned to read in a Christian 
school her father was astonished and said, "She, a girl, 
can read!" The Chinese think that the boys must 

78 



CHINA 79 

have everything, and that it is not worth while to 
educate a girl. 

Fourth Girl: Brave Hu King Eng was the first 
Chinese girl to leave China to be educated in America. 
Her mother was an aristocratic little lady, proud of her 
embroidered shoes only three inches long, but she was 
the first mother among the upper classes in South 
China to let her daughter grow up with natural feet. 

When she came here Hu King was only eighteen 
years old. She did not know a word of English, but 
she learned rapidly. In ten years she graduated from 
the Women's Medical College of Philadelphia. Then 
she went back to her China, where she became head of 
a hospital at Foochow. She is a great doctor, and 
people come hundreds of miles to have her treat them. 



A HERO IN CHINA 

Suggestions: The following story may be mastered and 
told by a member of the department or presented as a reading. 

Arthur Jackson was one of those big, enthusiastic 
young fellows whom everyone is bound to love. There 
wasn't a lazy bone in his body. At Cambridge Uni- 
versity he had been one of the crack oarsmen on the 
university crew. After his medical course was com- 
pleted he sailed for northern China as a medical mis- 
sionary. Here we find him at Mukden, in the 
southern province of Manchuria, January 12, 191 1. 

Arthur Jackson had been in China only four months, 
but they had not been idle ones. Measles, mumps, and 
fever are the same in China as in England or America, 
so that a medical missionary does not have to wait a 
year or two years, as do many other missionaries, 
before he begins his real work. Every day Jackson 
had been making trips to sick people, performing oper- 
ations, coaching his Chinese students in football, and 
studying the Chinese language. 

On the night of January 12 he was in his room writ- 
ing to his sister. The bitter cold of the Manchurian 
winter made the air of his room cold and frosty, and 
occasionally he rose to walk back and forth, or to beat 
his muscular arms about his great chest. As soon as 
his hands were warm he went back to his writing. 
"Whoever invented Chinese," he was saying, "seems 
to have had an enormous stock of h's, s's, c's, n's, and 
w's, which he no doubt bought at some jumble sale, and 

80 



CHINA 81 

it is a wonder that the whole thing has not been sold 
long ago at another. I can tell you that saying, 'Peter 
Piper, etc./ or any such catch, is child's play to manag- 
ing your s's and w's in Chinese. ,, 

For a moment he hesitated, then plunged again into 
his letter writing. 

"You may have seen," he wrote, "that the plague is 
pretty bad in northern Manchuria. We are doing all 
we can to prevent its coming south. You remember 
that Mukden is at the junction of the Japanese line 
running south and the Chinese Imperial Railway run- 
ning west to Tienstsin and Peking. It is an important 
place, as you can see from this sketch." Here he drew 
a little map. 

"Just at this time of the year there are great crowds 
of coolies going from their work in the north down 
into Peking. I am going to examine the passengers to 
prevent the plague's getting into China. You need not 
mention this new job I have got to mother, as it would 
only make her unnecessarily anxious. Of course 
plague is a nasty thing, but we are hopeful of getting it 
under now." 

Young Jackson rose and paced slowly back and 
forth in his room. He well knew that, in spite of 
every precaution, he might take the dreaded disease, 
and he knew that if he did take it, it meant death. A 
cure had never been known. He looked out of the 
window at the snowy ground. Away to the west lay 
the railroad, ready to carry thousands of coolies into 
China. Who would save Peking and the millions of 
China? Suddenly Dr. Jackson's shoulders squared 






82 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

themselves. The Master himself had not saved his 
own life, why should Arthur Jackson fear to lose his? 
He sealed his letter, and then lay down to rest. 

The next day his work began. Four hundred 
coolies were on the first train. Some already had the 
plague, and it was necessary to examine all of them, 
separate the infected ones from the rest to die, and 
then take precautionary measures for the others. Dr. 
Jackson was dressed in white over his fur coat. He 
wore oilskin boots and gloves, and over his face was a 
shield saturated with disinfectant. 

Thus day after day passed for two weeks. On 
January 23 he lunched with the other missionaries. 
"Well, we don't make much money out here," he said, 
gayly, "but we do see life." During the twenty-minute 
lunch he kept them all laughing. He denied that he 
was tired, and hastened back to his work. He was in 
high spirits, for the worst seemed to be over, and he 
had stayed by the job and had made good. He went 
to bed that night, but the next morning he could not 
rise. In saving others he had taken the plague. Some 
hours of terrible suffering passed, and then Dr. Jack- 
son was buried under the Manchurian snow. 

The news of Dr. Jackson's death was carried all 
over China. Chinese officials of every rank did honor 
to the memory of the man who had laid down his life 
for China. His death stirred certain wealthy China- 
men as nothing had ever done before. One man sent 
$12,000 and later $5,000 more. Others gave. And a 
medical college was established in China in honor of 
the man who counted not his life dear unto himself. 



CHRISTIANITY AN ECONOMIC DISTURBER 

Suggestions: The following story may be used by the leader 
as the basis for a brief talk on missionary work in China. 

A blue-gowned, bound-footed woman hobbled up to 
a group of Christians in southern China not long ago, 
shouting as she went : "The church has not played fair. 
You who call yourselves Christians are despoilers, 
taking away our trade and leaving us to starve." 

Her wrath grew, as the Christians tried to soothe 
her. 

"Yes — 'be patient' and 'trust God/ of course, but in 
the meantime what of my children who are waiting for 
their rice ? Before you came to our village with your 
songs and prayers, I was earning twelve cents a day 
making idol paper. The children worked, and we had 
rice every day. All the women of our village are in- 
dustrious, making idol paper day and night, so that the 
fame of this place has gone over the country." 

She shifted her weight from one small foot to the 
other and leaned more heavily on her staff. 

"I'm getting to be an old woman, and my days on 
this earth will not be many. When you came to preach 
your 'Jesus Christ doctrine' of a heaven where we can 
rest I was happy. But of what avail is a heaven if we 
starve to death on earth ? Christianity may be a good 
religion to believe if you are rich, but what of us in 
this village? You tell us not to make idol paper, that 
it is sin — but what else can we do? Already we are 
becoming a laughingstock to other villages." 

83 



84 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Thrusting out one foot, she continued, "With these 
feet I cannot work in the fields, neither can I gather 
wood on the mountainside, but I am still strong and 
able to work with my hands. If you help me and 
the other women of the village to learn a trade, we can 
continue to serve God without sinning or starving. 
Now what are you going to do about it ?" 

All unconsciously this woman, when she uttered her 
tirade against Christianity, was following in apostolic 
succession the long line of people, beginning with 
Demetrius and his fellow craftsmen who made images 
of the great Diana of the Ephesians. As Demetrius 
had just cause to fear for his trade, so the Chinese 
woman's fear of the future was not ungrounded, and 
Christianity was rightly blamed. For it does destroy 
trade in some things — traditions, unhealthy practices. 
It is necessarily destructive before it can be construc- 
tive. 

For the woman and her village the missionaries must 
have money — capital to start a new industry. If it is 
weaving, there must be looms and material supplied, 
wages for apprentices and teacher. Not until "The 
Truth" is combined with economic freedom will the 
people of China "be free." 

The great question in this part of China as well as 
on other mission fields is not "how to interest the 
people in Christianity," but "how to conserve the re- 
sults of missionary work." 

Few missionaries have been as constructive as they 
would like to be. They have struck open the eyes of 
the people so that they saw their idols as mere figures 



CHINA 85 

of stone and mud; they have demonstrated the power 
of modern education on the young people ; have shown 
what disease and lack of sanitation does to the race. 
But often, for lack of funds they have been forced to 
leave the people thus, with eyes opened and with no 
guide to lead them on to remedy their conditions. We 
must make it possible to construct as well as to tear 
down. 



VI 
EUROPE 

A RESURRECTED NATION 

Suggestion: This exercise, arranged by Madeleine Sweeny 
Miller, emphasizes our ancient debt to the new republic of 
Czecho-Slovakia. A map of the new Europe should hang on 
the wall within the reach of the speakers. Four persons are 
required for this exercise. 

First Speaker: To those of us who cherish the 
Protestant faith one of the most romantic national 
resurrections of the Great War is that of the Czecho- 
slovak people, so long dead to freedom of faith and of 
action. Both because these people of middle Europe 
preserved through centuries of Teutonic oppression 
the priceless traditions of the fires from which our 
Protestant religion was kindled, and because of the 
radiant future in store for this, the most civilized of 
the newly liberated nations, it behooves us to familiar- 
ize ourselves with the rough outlines of their story 
and with the epoch-making achievements of John 
Huss, their fifteenth-century martyr, and of Thomas 
Masaryk, president of their twentieth-century republic. 

Let us first trace upon the new map of Europe the 
outlines of Czecho-Slovakia. [He clearly indicates 
with pointer, the location of the country, showing the 
three parts — Bohemia, Moravia, and Slovakia.] 

It will be seen that Czecho-Slovakia was the back- 

86 



EUROPE 87 

bone of the old Austro-Hungarian empire geographic- 
ally; economically as well, it was the most valuable 
member of Austria, Bohemia alone yielding five times 
as much coal as the rest of the state, twice as many 
agricultural products, and bearing sixty-three per cent 
of Austria's taxation. 

Second Speaker: We Protestant followers of Christ 
have a close religious kinship with the Czecho-Slovak 
people, based, first of all, upon the work of the Bo- 
hemian, John Huss. "No nation in the world possesses 
a more dazzling oriflamme than Bohemia possesses in 
the career, of John Huss/' Going back almost to the 
beginning of the Christian era, the Bohemian [pointing 
to map] people formed a distinct nation as early as the 
seventh century and consolidated with Moravia [point- 
ing to map] after Christianity was introduced into that 
country in the ninth century by two Greek mission- 
aries. A great state comprising neighboring Czecho- 
Slavs grew up, but soon was forced into the one 
thousand year struggle with the Germans which we, in 
our day, have just ended. It was during the reign of 
King Charles that the great church reforms, which led 
to a Protestant world, took form under the leadership 
of John Huss, who championed freedom of religious 
thought in Europe a century before Martin Luther's 
day. 

This famous father of our faith was born in Prague, 
and, like Luther, earned his living by singing and per- 
forming humble services in the church. Becoming the 
spokesman of the Czech people in their protests against 
the corrupt practices of the Roman Church, he became 



88 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

so influential that the terms "Czech" and "Hussite" 
became synonymous. But although almost the entire 
nation followed him, he was brought to trial for heresy 
by a council of the old church party and was burned at 
Constance on July 6, 141 5. Chained to a stake around 
which wood and straw had been piled so that it 
covered him to the neck, he began to sing as the fire 
was kindled, "Christ, Thou Son of the Living God, 
have mercy upon me." He continued to move his lips 
and head until the wind blew the flames into his face 
and suffocation freed his courageous spirit from his 
fire-mopped body. 

The Hussites now adore him as a saint, and the 
famous wars which they waged to avenge his death 
revealed the Czechs to themselves and brought a glory 
to the Bohemian flag which has kept the Czech blood 
tingling down to this present day of their glorious 
resurrection as an independent nation. 

It is little wonder that when the liberated Czecho- 
slovaks celebrated this great event, they did so about 
the statue of John Huss in Prague. 

Third Speaker: Another section of Czecho-Slovakia 
[pointing on the map to Moravia] developed early in 
the eighteenth century the "Moravian Church," known 
for its high type of piety and aggressive missionary 
spirit. One of the Moravians, Peter Boehler, intro- 
duced the movement to Great Britain and brought 
about the conversion of John Wesley, who founded 
the great Methodist Church with its millions of mem- 
bers to-day. 

The Moravians were the first Protestants in the 



EUROPE 89 

world to go among the heathen for the distinct purpose 
of saving their souls. Thus it was thit these natives 
of the ancient nation resurrected by the war long ago 
founded, in 1732, on the island of St. Thomas, the first 
Protestant missionary work. 

Fourth Speaker: Just as John Huss was the 
champion of the Czechs against the German oppressors 
in his day, so Thomas Masaryk stands out as their 
deliverer in our age. 

Born in 1850 of a poor Moravian family, he began 
his career as a blacksmith's apprentice, later working 
his way until he became a professor at the Prague 
University. Known throughout Europe by his great 
work on Czech questions, he influenced the whole 
youth of Bohemia by establishing libraries and putting 
at their disposal ampler knowledge in several tongues. 

Thus he inaugurated the new era of Czech history 
which has placed it to-day beside the other European 
nations in intellectual and moral development. 

When the Czechs were beginning to break away 
from the Austrian state Masaryk left his country and 
organized the National Council which proclaimed the 
independence of Bohemia. In December, 1917, a 
Czecho-Slovak army was formed as a part of the 
French army and volunteer recruits were raised in 
America. The brilliant military moves of this army 
of one hundred and twenty thousand brought the 
world to its knees before them. 

While in the United States Masaryk was unani- 
mously acclaimed as first president of the republic of 
Czecho-Slovakia. One recent token of his progressive- 



90 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

ness is the invitation he issued to a group of young 
American college women, under the auspices of the Y. 
W. C. A., to make a social survey of the ancient city 
of Prague, the birthplace of John Huss and of the 
resurrected nation. 

Song: "Ancient of Days," stanzas one, three and 
five being especially appropriate. 



VII 

HAWAII 
A MAP TALK ON HAWAII 

Suggestions: In presenting this talk on Hawaii two different 
maps may be used if they are available; a map showing only 
the Hawaiian Islands will bring out the detail of the islands 
themselves, while another map can show the vast stretch of 
the Pacific Ocean, and the strategic position of the islands as 
they are related to the lines of travel between Asia and 
America. The following facts concerning Hawaii will serve 
as a basis for the following talk. It is always well, however, 
to draw out as much information from the group as can be 
drawn out by questions. If possible, locate on the map the 
points where your church is at work. 

Captain Cook discovered the Hawaiian Islands in 

1778. 

The Hawaiian Islands were annexed to the United 
States in 1898. 

A United States senator recently said, "There is no 
spot under our flag to-day of such strategic importance 
to our government as Hawaii." 

There are eight inhabited and several uninhabited 
islands. 

In 1910 the total population was 191,909. 

The largest volcano in the world is in Hawaii. 

The climate of Hawaii is healthful and cooler than 
that of other regions in the same latitude. 

9i 



92 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

The average yield per acre of cane sugar is the 
greatest in the world. 

The islands are at the crossroads of the north 
Pacific. They have a monopoly in coaling, watering, 
and victualing. 

The rich land of Hawaii is bound to attract hordes 
of immigrants, and it is peculiarly important that 
Christianity be firmly established in order to offset the 
many non-Christian influences which are now at work, 
and which will be at work in these islands in the future. 

The first Christian missionary arrived in Hawaii in 
1819. 

The missionaries were the first to reduce the 
Hawaiian language to a written form. 

Most of the people of Hawaii are of moderate 
stature, but the chiefs and the women of their families 
have been remarkable for their height. Four hundred 
pounds was not an unusual weight for one of this 
class. 

The Hawiians are hardy, industrious, light-hearted, 
and pleasure-loving. They are considered physically 
among the finest races of the Pacific. 

The original Hawaiians have been very largely re- 
placed by Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Filipinos, and 
others. 

There are now in the Hawaiian Islands as many 
Japanese as there are Japanese in the entire population 
of the United States. 

At the present there are nearly as many Japanese 
Buddhist schools as there are public schools of gram- 
mar grade. 



HAWAII 93 

Hawaii affords a center from which Christianity or 
democracy may be carried to the Far East. 

Whatever is firmly planted in Hawaii soon spreads 
to the Orient and to the islands of the vast Pacific sea. 

Hawaii is the nerve center of the Pacific and a place 
of supreme advantage to Christianity. 



A GLIMPSE OF THE LAND OF PINEAPPLE 

AND PALM 

Suggestions: This exercise has been arranged by Helen 
Bushnell. The Sunday before it is to be given, a chart an- 
nouncing the subject of the study may be displayed in the 
vestibule of the school or upon the regular bulletin board. 
This chart can be made by lettering the title on the top in 
a semicircle. Under the title may be placed one or two scenic 
pictures of Hawaii with its wealth of tropical trees and 
verdure, and a picture of a group of people beside an ocean 
liner, or a ship just leaving port. These pictures are of a 
general character and can easily be secured by watching the 
magazines. Along the Pacific Coast, postcards of Hawaiian 
scenes are easy to get and the colors will harmonize nicely 
with a background of dark green or slate gray bristol board. 

THE PROBLEM 

" Among the large crowd assembled on the pier to 
greet friends and relatives from the steamer are 
American, English, Portuguese, Kanakas, Japanese, 
and Chinese. 

"It is entertaining to go down to the harbor (of 
Honolulu) and witness the departure of a big steamer 
on one of her voyages. The Hawaiian Band as- 
sembles on the end of the pier, playing popular and 
patriotic airs, while friends and relatives bid each other 
farewell on the steamer and the shore. Upon these 
occasions the natives bring long garlands of flowers 
called 'isis' four or five feet in length, which they 
place in lavish profusion about the necks and shoulders 
of the departing travelers. Just before the steamer 

94 



HAWAII 95 

casts off her moorings, wreaths and flowers are flung 
over her in perfect abandon, shouts of 'Bon voyage' 
mingle with cheers, music, and singing, and the excite- 
ment is intense. " x 

The object of this exercise is to give a little of the 
setting of the tropics, an idea of the spontaneity and 
cordiality of the people, and information concerning 
the needs of missionary work there. The costumes 
of the various nations spoken of in the first quotation 
above may be used if they can be easily procured, or 
pasteboard labels may be made bearing the names of 
the different nationalities represented in the group, and 
these labels pinned on the front of the participants or 
used as bands around the head. The personnel of the 
group that takes part is to consist of the various peoples 
of the islands, and a missionary supposedly returning 
to America for a furlough. The group enters with the 
missionary in the center, all talking excitedly, and each 
one carrying part of his baggage or wreaths of flowers. 
As they reach the center of the platform the group 
stops in such a way as to show to the audience the 
nationalities represented, and the missionary speaks to 
them. 

Missionary: Well, friends, I shall soon be out on the 
ocean, going toward America, but my heart will be 
back here with you, and I shall be praying for you 
as you meet in the prayer services to-night. 

One of the Group: And we shall be thinking of you 
too, and how kindly you have worked with us. We 



Vacation Days in Hawaii and Japan, pp. 54, 77, 78. Copyright, George 
W. Jacobs & Co., Philadelphia. 



96 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

shall often be speaking of your love and faithful 
service, and we shall be so glad when we hear you are 
coming back to us once more. 

Another of the Group: Yes, we shall be glad to see 
you again, but it is best that you leave us now for a 
little while, and perhaps you will have a chance to tell 
the people across the sea just how much we need their 
help, and their interest and their prayers. 

First Speaker: Yes, and maybe some of the young 
people from your church will come back with you to 
help us reach the villages and farms where we haven't 
been able to go for lack of workers. 

Missionary: Shall I tell the people in America that 
you need more workers ? 

A Filipino Boy: Yes, do. And tell them that we are 
so few to do the work among so many. And we need 
buildings for schools too. 

Missionary : I will take your messages to them, and 
I shall also tell them of your faithfulness and Chris- 
tian work. I must leave you now. It is almost time 
for the boat to pull out. 

[He shakes hands with each one. Some of them kiss 
him good-by, and all seem much affected by his going. 
As he takes up his grips or baggage they throw the 
garlands over his head, and as he exits in the opposite 
direction from that in which the group entered they 
shower flowers after him. As they turn and sadly 
and very slowly walk off the platform in the direction 
from which they entered, a chorus placed out of sight 
sings the song which is always sung when a boat leaves 
the harbor of Honolulu, "Aloha Oe."] 



VIII 

INDIA 

A MAP TALK ON INDIA 

Suggestions: A map of India, if possible drawn by a member 
of the department, should be provided for this talk. Draw 
out by questions from the members of the department as 
many facts concerning India as possible as the talk proceeds. 

India is a land of contradictions. 

She has some of the poorest people in the world, yet 
her soil is fertile and very productive. 

India is the headquarters of Hinduism, yet there 
are more Mohammedans in India than in any other 
country on the globe, and more Christians than in any 
other non-Christian land. 

Eighty-nine per cent of the men and ninety-nine per 
cent of the women in India cannot read or write. 

India does not have quite so many millions as China, 
but the 315,000,000 people of India added to the 
400,000,000 people of China form only a little less than 
one half the population of the world. 

India and China together are the world's reservoir 
of humanity. 

India is so densely populated that if the United 
States were similarly peopled, we would have 
600,000,000 residents instead of 100,000,000. 

There are so many people in India that if the 
European war had entirely depopulated France, 

97 



98 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Austria, Germany, England, and Belgium, and Turkey 
in Europe, India alone could have repopulated these 
countries and still have had left as many people as are 
in the United States. 

Most of the people of India live in small villages. 

It is said that if Christ had started to preach in the 
villages of India on the day of his baptism and had 
visited one village each day since that time, he would 
still have, after 1900 years, 30,000 villages to visit. 

Industry is developed largely to-day in India, so 
that cities are growing, and living conditions are in 
many cases becoming worse, if possible. 

The smoke stacks of the jute factories in Calcutta 
make the approach to that city seem like .the approach 
to Fall River, Massachusetts. Bombay has her cotton 
factories, and the steel mills of India are among the 
most important of the world. 

The shackles of the caste system in India, which has 
held in bondage millions of the natives of India, are 
beginning to be loosed by India's contact with modern 
life. 

India's participation in the great war has been an 
education to her people. 

The religious, economic, and social movement among 
the masses of India to-day, known as the "mass move- 
ment/' is one of the most remarkable the world has 
ever witnessed. 

Thousands of people are being baptized into the 
Christian Church each month in India now, but in 
spite of that fact hundreds of thousands who are 
seeking baptism are turned away, because there is no 



i INDIA 99 

one to teach them or to care for them after they are 
baptized. 

A few years ago we were praying for open doors 
of opportunity in India. To-day w T e are embarrassed 
by the wealth of opportunity which we are not able to 
improve. 

It is estimated that a million converts a year might 
be baptized by the Christian Church" in India if facili- 
ties for instructing and caring for them were available. 



WHICH WAY? 

Suggestions: The following dialogue to be presented by two 
Intermediate girls requires no stage setting and no costumes. 
It is taken from a collection of exercises prepared by Anita 
B. Ferris. 

[Scene: A Vernacular School: two girls — Eulabi and 
Dulari talking on the veranda.] 

Eulabi: Dulari, have you heard there is a new school 
opened in the Chandi Chawle? 

Dulari: Yes, Randei's mother says she shall send her 
children there, because all the girls in that school get 
lots of presents, books, and clothes, and sweets, and 
all sorts of things, and plenty of holidays. 

Eulabi: Who knows whether it is true? I shall not 
go to that school; the children do not learn anything 
and do not sing any bhajans. 

Dulari: That does not matter; I don't want to learn 
those things. My brother says the Bible is only good 
for American people ; we have our religion, and that is 
far older than the American religion. 

Eulabi: I love the Bible lesson, and all that I learn in 
school I tell my mother when I go home, and she 
knows some of the texts too that the Mem Sahib has 
taught us. 

Dulari: O! my mother does not want to hear. Do 
you know, I am going to take ten days' holiday. I 
am going to Benares with my mother to bathe in the 
sacred Ganges, then all my sins will be washed away. 

Eulabi: Ah, yes, the Pundits say that, but my Mem 
Sahib says that bathing in the Ganges is useless. It is 

ioo 



INDIA 101 

just as if you put my sari into a box, and fastened it 
up, and then threw it into the water; the box would 
get washed clean, but my sari inside the box would 
remain as dirty as ever. So when we wash in the 
Ganges, our bodies get clean, but our hearts are not a 
bit better. Do you remember that verse we learned 
the other morning, "The blood of Jesus Christ his Son 
cleanseth us from all sin" ? 

(Ten Dayc Later) 

Eulabi: So you've come back again, Dulari. Tell 
me what you saw in Benares. 

Dulari: O, everything! Lots of fakirs, and there is 
one man who has held his arms above his head — so — 
for such a long time that it is now quite stiff, and s he 
cannot move it, and his nails have grown like bird's 
claws. Another fakir was sitting on the ground sur- 
rounded by five fires — he must have felt very warm, 
for the sun was very hot, but, of course, by this he 
will acquire great merit, and the gods will be pleased 
and not punish him. 

Eulabi: Mem Sahib says, God wants us to love him 
and not do things from fear. 

Dulari: O, well, listen ! I saw thousands of people 
bathing in the sacred Ganges, and drinking the holy 
water, and there were hundreds and hundreds of 
monkeys round the temples, and I bought some grain 
from a priest and fed them, and they chattered and 
made such a noise. 

Eulabi: Tell me, did the people look happy after they 
had bathed ? 



102 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Dulari: I don't think they did seem very happy. 
Some of them were very poor, and yet the priests made 
them pay a lot of money for taking some of the sacred 
water home with them for those who were not able to 
come. 

Eidabi: I'm glad I did not go ; it would have been a 
great deal of trouble, and very trying to sit in a bullock 
cart for two days. While you have been away we 
have learned a new bhajan: it is all about the sin and 
sorrow there is in the world, and then it says, if we 
trust in the Lord Jesu f s we shall have joy in him, so 
that is what I am going to do. 



FLASHLIGHTS FROM THE MASS 
MOVEMENT 

Suggestions: The following story is told by Dr. Fred B. 
Fisher. It may be used to advantage as a partial interpretation 
of the mass movement in India. 

One day last year (1918) I visited a convention of 
200 mayors of villages, gathered together under the 
man who is the leader of 30,000 people. He said to 
them: "You are the leaders of your own people in 
your own villages. We are going to climb out of the 
slough of an old intolerable social and religious condi- 
tion; out into a promised^ land of democracy and 
freedom/' 

I saw him stoop down, and standing there in his 
Oriental robe, thrown over his shoulder, a white 
turban on his head, sandals on his feet, he picked up a 
scourge with leather thongs tied here and there with 
pieces of tin. He beat himself over both shoulders 
and told that crowd the story of the scourging of the 
Man of Galilee. Then he stooped down and took from 
a small box a crown of thorns and put it on his own 
head, and told them the story of the Man who had been 
crowned with thorns. 

Next he took up a spearhead made out of tin. He 
put a stick in the head and told them that story. He 
stooped down and took two pieces of wood and put 
the short piece across the long one and put spikes in 
them, one through each side and another through the 
place of the feet, and told those men the story of the 
crucifixion of Christ. 

103 



104 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Then he put on a white robe and said : "I preach to 
you a Man who is resurrected to this life. If we want 
our liberty if we want our freedom, let us rally to the 
spiritual cause. " 

Two hundred and forty mayors were listening to 
him. 

"The masses are moving to Christianity in great 
waves, ,, I said not long ago to a bishop. "You cannot 
stop it ; man cannot stop it ; hell cannot stop it, but we 
are going to train the great constituency for the 
to-morrow of India." 

The Indian masses are appearing and demanding 
entrance into the Christian Church, but we have to 
hold them back. We tell them, "We have no pastors, 
no teachers, no leaders to train you." In Meerut there 
are 750,000 people — three quarters of a million — ready 
to move out into the kingdom of God if we spread the 
leaven for them. 

An exodus is going on now in India as great as that 
they tell about in the Old Testament. They have no 
Moses or Joshua, but they are going to produce an 
exodus to the new promised land which for the 
moment will be vaster than any conceived of in the 
old exodus. 



INDIA 

AN EXERCISE 

Suggestions: This exercise is adapted from a missionary 
program prepared by Augusta Walden Comstock. The fol- 
lowing facts about India may be given out in advance to 
different pupils and learned by them. If this is not feasible, 
they may be read from slips of paper. Keep a duplicate of 
each so that if a pupil is absent the part may be given by 
some one else. 

i. Much of the tea used in England, and some of 
that used in the United States, comes from India. 
Great numbers of men, women, and children spend all 
the working part of their lives picking the tea-leaves 
from the plants. This must be very carefully done 
with the thumb nail. It takes one man an entire day 
to prepare one pound of tea. 

2. Nowhere perhaps are there more splendid build- 
ings than in India. The rulers of that land not only 
built beautiful palaces to live in during their lives, but 
also magnificent tombs in which their dead bodies may 
lie. A wonderfully beautiful tomb is the Taj Mahal, 
built by an emperor for his wife. 

3. If you traveled all over India and saw all the 
people there, you would not see even one white person 
in every thousand. Almost all the people are light- 
brown, medium-brown, dark-brown, or brown of some 
shade. 

4. According to the Hindu religion of India, there 
are vast numbers of different gods. Some of these 
gods were worshiped with horrible rites until this was 

105 



106 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

forbidden by the British government. One of these 
gods, called the Juggernaut, was a great idol drawn 
from temple to temple in a car on wheels. Before this 
awful god the Hindus threw themeslves and their 
children, believing that if they were crushed to death 
by it they would win happiness in the life hereafter. 

5. India is as large as Germany, Austria, France, 
and Spain all rolled into one. There are about three 
times as many people living there as $ there are in the 
whole of the United States. 

6. In India most of the people earn their living by 
raising rice, wheat, and other crops. These they grind 
themselves. 

7. The Hindu considers many animals sacred. The 
most sacred of all is the cow. To kill or injure a 
cow is a terrible sin in the eyes of a Hindu. 

8. There are many thousand little girl widows in 
India between the ages of five and nine. They are 
scolded and punished, and told that their husbands die 
because the little girls were so wicked. 

9. One of the hardest things for the missionaries 
to stand in India is the climate. Think of living where 
the sun burns up every green thing and where it is 
often so hot at night that you cannot sleep. In the 
rainy season it is so damp that shoes become covered 
with white mold over night and clothes quickly collect 
mildew. There are mosquitoes, centipedes, awful 
spiders, and very poisonous snakes in India. 

10. Ramabai was a little child-widow who came to 
England and America. She was so sorry for other 
little child-widows that after her education was fin- 



INDIA 107 

ished she went back to her own country to help them. 
Once when there was a terrible famine she went out 
and gathered together three hundred starving little 
girls. God put it into the hearts of kind people to send 
her means to take care of them. 

11. A mother in India was asked what medicine 
she had used for her baby's sore eyes. This was the 
answer: "A donkey's tooth ground up with charcoal. 
I put the powder in my baby's eyes." 

12. The caste system of India decrees that every 
boy must do just what his father did. A sweeper's son 
must be a, sweeper. But the mission schools teach the 
boys and girls that they can rise above these dreadful 
rules and become what they wish according to their 
own ability. 

13. More than half of the people of India are 
hungry most all the time. Sometimes the rain fails to 
come in June, and then there is a dreadful famine. 
The poor people must then eat bark of trees or grass 
roots. Fathers and mothers go without food that the 
little which they have may be given to their children. 

14. Nellie heard of a famine in Ir;dia and said, "I 
love Jesus and must do something for him. If I give 
my five dollars, will the money feed an orphan in 
India for a while?" 

"It will," said the teacher. "It will feed and care 
for one the whole year." 

"Then take it and send it for me," said Nellie. 



SOME GOOD STORIES FROM THE FAR EAST 

Suggestions: The following stories are adapted from New 
Etchings of Old India, 1 by Brenton T. Badley. They may be 
mastered and told by different individuals, or presented as 
readings on successive Sundays. 

A WOUNDED SOLDIER RETURNS TO INDIA 

Not long ago a missionary to India met a wounded 
soldier in Bombay. He had just returned from the 
trenches in Europe. He was on crutches, one leg was 
gone, and one side of his face was disfigured by an 
ugly wound. 

Said the missionary, "You are returning from 
France ?" 

"Yes/' said the soldier, "at last I have seen your 
country/' 

"And what do you remember the best ?" the mission- 
ary inquired. 

The tall young Indian hesitated a moment, smiled 
in his open boyish way, and replied : "I think it is the 
cows." "Why," said he, "those animals seemed to be 
full of milk, and it was rich and yellow and full of 
cream." 

This boy had grown up among the fields and the 
cattle of India. As he continued the conversation he 
said, earnestly, "We must have the same kind of cows 
in India." 

Tens of thousands of soldiers have returned from 



1 Published by the Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, price 25 cents. 

108 



INDIA 109 

Europe to India. Ordinarily, under the rules of the 
caste system, these men would have been received in 
disgrace, for it is decreed that no one can cross the 
water without losing caste, but even the shackles of 
caste are being broken in these days. These brave 
boys of India made a large contribution to the military 
strength of the battlefront of France, but they have 
received very much in return for their contribution. 

The young man just mentioned, when pressed 
further, acknowledged that he had been greatly struck 
with the culture and education of the women whom he 
had seen in France. 

"I wish our women were educated like yours/' he 
said. "Now I have a sister at home ; she is thirteen, a 
beautiful girl, but she is as ignorant as a parrot shut 
up in a cage. All she knows is what she has heard 
others say. If my sister could be put through high 
school and college, she would be the equal of any 
young lady that I have seen, but here she does not 
know anything. She is to be married in a few months. 
She will have many children, and at twenty-five her 
beauty will be gone. At thirty-five she will be just 
another ignorant old woman." 

As this young soldier enlarged upon his experiences 
in France it developed that he had been remarkably 
impressed by the fact that the beautiful and educated 
young ladies whom he had seen were able to read to 
the men in the hospitals. He felt that his country had 
missed much by denying to its women education and 
the opportunity to develop the powers with which they 
were endowed by nature. "We have seen our 



no MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

mistake," he said, "and have learned our lesson. The 
young men who are coming back from France will see 
to it that some things in India are changed." 

Fortunately, the missionary was able to give some 
very definite suggestions as to what this young man 
might do in the case of his sister. He told him to go 
to the principal of the school for girls at Lahore and 
tell the story of his sister. It may be that this chance 
incident saved one girl at least from the unhappy fate 
which awaited her. 

Thus it comes about that the war in Europe is 
having its reaction on lands very far removed from 
the scenes of the European conflict. 

And we in America can make possible for the newly 
awakened young men and women of India the oppor- 
tunities which so many of us, no more worthy than 
they, have had. 

SELLING BIBLES IN INDIA 

A number of missionaries were on their way to an 
Annual Conference in India. They were watching the 
various peddlers who passed through the train with 
sweetmeats, fruits, cigarettes, cheap toys, and cheap, 
vile novels. At last an old man appeared who was 
selling Gospel portions and complete Bibles. 

"Are you having good sales?" asked one of the 
missionaries. 

"Yes," said the old man, "the people are very much 
interested. The war has cut down the amount of 
money which they have to spend, but they are more 
than ever eager to know about the Christian religion." 



INDIA in 

Then- he went on to relate an experience he had had 
several months before. The old man was unable to 
get down to meet the trains one day, and his son, little 
more than a boy, asked to take his place. There 
stepped off the train that day a Hindu religious 
teacher. He entered into conversation with the boy, 
with the result that he went home with the youngster 
and stayed several weeks. During this time the Hindu 
teacher devoted himself to the study of the Bible, par- 
ticularly the Gospels and the Epistles. Through his 
reading and his conversations with the old Bible seller 
his entire thinking underwent a transformation, and 
he at length announced that he was ready for baptism. 
The conversion of this Hindu leader and teacher made 
a profound impression on the entire Hindu community, 
and, as a result, two hundred people have already been 
baptized, and the way is open for bringing many more 
into the Christian Church. The Hindu himself is now 
preaching the gospel in other parts of India. 



A STRANGE TALE 

When the train had pulled out of the station one of 
the older missionaries told the story of the Bible-seller 
himself. One day he was on his way to worship at a 
famous temple in North India when he was attracted 
by a crowd. He saw a fellow Hindu tear to pieces a 
book which had been given to him by a Christian 
preacher. One piece of this little book fell before the 
traveler. He stooped and picked it up, largely because 
of curiosity aroused by the other man's treatment. "It 



ii2 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

must be a very bad book," he thought. The 'page 
which he found in his hands had on it the entire 
sixteenth verse of the third chapter of John. The 
attention of the reader was aroused, for the teaching 
was new and strange. He stepped up to the Christian 
teacher and asked for a copy of the book which had 
the entire page in it. With this in his hands he went 
'on his way. Through the reading and study of this 
Gospel he was converted to Christianity, and a short 
time^after was baptized. 

AND STILL ANOTHER 

When the older missionary had finished -this story 
another in the group told of a man of his acquaintance 
who was converted through reading a soiled page in 
which a piece of Indian taffy had been wrapped. It 
was a portion of the Sermon on the Mount, and the 
"love your enemies" statement changed his thinking. 
The man was a big Mohammedan, six feet four inches 
tall, and as bigoted as big. He was in jail for assault 
when this slip of paper came to his attention. When 
he got out of jail he secured a copy of the book from 
a Bible-seller. It was a two-cent edition of the Gospel 
of Matthew. A study of this book led to the man's 
conversion. 

There is not time here to tell the rest of the con- 
versation of these missionaries as they went on their 
way to that Annual Conference in India, but perhaps 
we have heard enough to discover that strange and 
wonderful things are happening in India to-day, and 
that we have a chance to help them to happen rapidly 



INDIA 113 

by strengthening the work which the church has begun 
in India. 

PUSHING THEM BACK 

"Why do you Christians obey only half of Christ's 
great command ?" 

These words startled a missionary who was sitting 
under a tree on the outskirts of a large village in India. 
Looking up he saw a tall, angular man standing 
opposite him. 

"Why, my brother, these are strange words of yours. 
What do you mean?" said the missionary. 

The first speaker then went on to explain what he 
meant. "The Bible," he said, "tells how Christ gave 
a last great commandment to his people, instructing 
them to go into all the world to preach the gospel and 
baptize the people. But you," said he, "preach and 
will not baptize." 

"I do not understand you," replied the missionary, 
who knew that two thousand people in that district had 
been baptized that very year. 

The Indian speaker then told how a great desire to 
accept Jesus Christ had come over the people of his 
district. Three thousand men from fifty villages in 
the district, with women and children representing a 
total of some fifteen thousand persons, came together 
and talked all day about becoming Christians. After 
careful consideration they decided to take this step. 
By becoming Christians in a group they would avoid 
the persecution which would be possible if only a few 
of them accepted Christianity. "But," said the 



ii4 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

speaker, "we are now sorry that we ever came to any- 
such decision." 

"Why is this ?" exclaimed the missionary. 

"Because/' said the Indian, "your church has re- 
fused to baptize us. When we went to see your mis- 
sionary he told us that we would have to wait; that 
there were no extra funds in the missionary treasury, 
and that no more workers could be supported. You 
have to wait for money from America which is very 
far off. But money or no money it is tOQ late now. 
We have changed our minds. 

For many years the missionaries have been preach- 
ing in India, "Repent and be baptized." But now the 
number who wait to be baptized has become so great 
that the church, for lack of workers, is compelled to 
say, "Go back to your villages ; we cannot baptize you." 

As the missionary looked out upon the plain where 
those fifteen thousand natives of India had met and 
decided to become Christians, and had been "pushed 
back," he saw in his imagination hundreds of 
thousands of poor, ragged, weary, oppressed natives 
struggling forward toward the light. And then he saw 
hands — countless hands — pushing them back into the 
darkness. They were white hands like his own — 
American hands. 

As he gazed on that empty plain, the missionary 
resolved in his heart that America should hear not 
only of the fifteen thousand who had met on that 
plain, but also of the thousands who are to-day being 
"pushed back" because we are not ready to minister 
to them. 



IX 
JAPAN 

BEGINNING A SUNDAY SCHOOL IN JAPAN 

Suggestions: The following demonstration is arranged by 
Anita B. Ferris, based on Out-door Sunday Schools in Japan, 
by the Rev. J. Merwin Hull. In presenting this program it 
will be necessary to borrow several children from the Primary 
or younger Junior grades. 

[Scene: A street in Japan. The properties may be very 
simple; bunches of "cherry" blossoms — bare branches with 
pink paper twisted on — whatever flowers are in season, and a 
few screens in the background to represent houses, and 
Japanese lanterns hung here and there.] 

CHARACTERS 

Toshi San — a native teacher. 

Taki San 1 , 1 ., c . . , - 

~ TT r. ; — older pupils of a mission school. 
U Haru San ) 

A dozen Japanese children, boys and girls (the young- 
est Junior children and Primary pupils). 
[Enter the children (dressed in costume). The 
larger girls have dolls bound on their backs like babies. 
They all play ball, tossing it from one to another and 
scrambling for it. They should play and laugh natur- 
ally. In the midst of the children's game enter the 
teachers.] 

O Haru San: This is the place about which Miss 
Constant told us. 

O Toshi San: Yes, this is the place, and it is a good 

115 



n6 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

one, I know. Here are a dozen children already. 
Let's begin at once: Now, O Haru San. [O Haru 
San sings, "Wonderful Words of Life." The children 
stop playing to listen.] 

First Japanese Boy: What is that they are doing? 

Second Boy: Let's go and see. 

First Little Girl: Don't you go ! Maybe it's some 
of those Jesus people. My honorable grandmother 
says they'll eat you up if they catch you. 

Third Boy: O, come on! They won't touch you. 

O Toshi San .[turning to O Haru San] : Suppose we 
sing "Jesus Loves Me." 

O Haru San: Now, children, I want you to listen 
hard to what I sing, because when I have sung it once, 
you are going to sing it with me. [The children look 
at one another and laugh. O Haru San sings first 
verse.] Now [lifting her hand] all together with me 
— sing! [They all join in the chorus. The children 
need not be careful always to keep the tune.] 

First Boy [laughing and pointing to baby on the 
back of one of the girls] : Look at the baby; he's sing- 
ing too ! [All the children laugh and look at the 
baby.] 

Toshi San: Now, O Taki San. [O Taki San un- 
rolls a scroll which represents Correggio's "Holy 
Night." If this picture is not available another pic- 
ture of the baby Jesus may be used.] 

The Children [crowding around] : Oh-h-h, isn't it 
lovely ! 

Second Little Girl: See the baby in its mother's 
arms! Wonder where its sister is? 



JAPAN 117 

Fourth Little Boy: Look, the flying ones, up in the 
sky! 

First Little Girl: They must be going to carry away 
the baby. My grandmother told me- 

Third Little Boy: Nonsense! Don't talk about your 
honorable grandmother. Don't you see the flying ones 
are singing! 

Toshi San: Should you like to hear a story about 
this picture ? 

All the Children: Yes, yes. We will listen to your 
honorable words. 

O Toshi San: God is our Father in heaven, who 
loves us very much. He loves each boy and girl. 
He wants us to be good and kind, and in order that 
we may know how to be, long ago he sent his Son 
Jesus to show us. The Son left his lovely home in 
heaven and was born a litle baby here on this earth. 
Here he is in the picture; that is his mother bending 
over him so tenderly, and above the "flying ones" are 
angels, who live with God in heaven. The angels were 
so happy to think God loved the world so much that 
he was willing to send his only Son to teach the people 
how to be kind and good, that they too came down 
the night the little baby was born and sang this wonder- 
ful song [reads from Bible] "Glory to God in the 
highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men." 
With that the angels were gone. 

Some shepherds who were taking care of their sheep 
on the hills that night, heard the song of the angels, 
and were told by them that a Saviour had been born, 
and where to look for him. Of course they went to 



n8 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

find him, and here they are before the little baby look- 
ing at him in wonder. 

All in the picture are very, very happy. And we 
are happy too, because we have such a loving heavenly 
Father, who will always take care of us if we ask 
him to, and because of the little Baby who came down 
to earth to help us. 

[As O Taki San starts to roll up scroll a little girl 
reaches up and gently holds the paper down so that she 
may look at the Baby once more.] 

The Children: O, please tell us more, honorable lady. 

Toshi San: Next week! There are many more 
stories about the little baby Jesus when he grew up, and 
I know you will like to hear how he loved little chil- 
dren. Come, and tell all the other boys and girls who 
live near here to come too. Will you do that? 

Boys: Yes, most certainly, honorable lady. 

O Haru San: Shall we sing before we say good-by, 
that little song over again that we sang a few minutes 
ago ? I think we can understand it better now. 

[All sing "J esus Loves Me, This I Know." If 
possible, the children should leave the stage by the 
opposite way from the teachers.] 

Children [waving hands]: Sayonara, sayonara, 
good-by. We will come again next week. . 



THE FALL OF THE GODS 

Suggestions: The following story, arranged by Madeleine 
Sweeny Miller, is based upon a letter from Miss E. Bodley, of 
Japan. It presents a close-up view of a prominent Buddhist's 
conversion. It is supposed to be related by a deposed Jap- 
anese idol. Before the service a rude, wooden idol may be 
secured and placed on pulpit or table within sight of the 
school, with heavy cord tied about it to indicate that it has 
been broken. Care should be used in selecting a story-teller 
of charm who can hold attention of school. 

Hymn [by School] : "Praise the Saviour, All Ye 
Nations" (Lowell Mason). 

Leader: You are wondering what this peculiar object 
is in front of you. I shall let it relate its own interest- 
ing story. 

THE IDOL'S STORY 

More than two hundred years ago I was made by a 
famous Japanese carver of idols and sold at once into 
a high-class family by the name of Nemura. Here I 
was given a place of honor on the god-shelf with the 
other idols, and each morning a tiny bowl of freshly 
cooked rice was placed before me. From my high 
shelf I saw children born, grow up into maturity, 
marry and die. And so, for many years I was handed 
down from father to eldest son as the most treasured 
family possession. 

Fifty years ago I found myself in the family of Mr. 
Kiotatsu Nemura, master of a Tokyo school. There 
were five children in that Buddhist family, the young- 

119 



120 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

est being a son, Masumi. About seven years ago my 
master died and I was taken to Formosa to live with 
the son who had become a captain in the Japanese 
army. My old mistress lived in Tokyo with her 
daughter, who had married a Christian minister. 

Not far from my home with Captain Nemura there 
was a large school for girls which they called a Chris- 
tian school, supported by Americans. Until last year 
we knew little of Christianity, because no one in our 
barracks was a Christian. One day in the spring of 
1917 some of the teachers came over to call on the wife 
of our head officer, inviting her and her friends to a 
foreign cooking class, and, as Captain Nemura is fond 
of the foreigners' food, he quickly consented for my 
young mistress to attend the classes, even though the 
teacher had said that there would be one hour of Bible 
study before each lesson. 

After the first session Mrs. Nemura came home 
happy, for she had learned to make the foreigners' 
soup. She also brought home a little book, which, it 
seems was the newest half of the Christians' Bible. 
But before the next lesson her three little girls con- 
tracted measles, and by the time they had recovered, it 
was summer and the foreign teacher had gone away, so 
there were no more lessons for my mistress. 

Then one day I heard my master say that his mother 
had become a Christian. I thought it very strange, 
for my family had always been such strong Buddhists, 
but I little realized then how much the decision of my 
old mistress would affect my own life. For one day 
in April my master was called suddenly to Tokyo, 



JAPAN 121 

where his mother was very, very ill. A few days later 
we were all shocked when my young mistress received 
a telegram from him saying that he too had become a 
Christian. 

It seems that when my old mistress knew that she 
could not recover she asked to be baptized, and when 
her last hour came she asked for her glasses and Bible. 
After reading the fourteenth chapter of John in silence 
she turned to her son and said, "If you do not believe 
in Him, you cannot be saved." My master is a dutiful 
son, but having been an earnest Buddhist scholar for 
years, he could not obey his mother's last words. But 
when he stood alone in the room by her casket he 
picked up her Bible which lay open at the place she 
had read. Then he thought to himself, "Perhaps if I 
studied this, I too might find the real meaning of 'the 
Way, the Truth, and the Life/ " From that time on 
he had no rest, and the next day at the funeral service 
he decided that he must believe. So, kneeling before 
his mother's casket, he offered his first prayer to God 
in heaven : 

"O Lord, before you there are two bodies. One is 
cold and lies in the casket. The other kneels here, 
speaking to you for the first time. These two bodies 
were once one flesh, before you made them two, forty 
years ago, and called one 'mother' and the other 'son.' 
You have shown your glory to the one while the other 
was growing cold. I now believe that you can make 
this one worthy to serve you as the other one did 
because once they were one and the same. O Lord, 
this is such a big desire. Please help me to keep it 



122 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

always the- one desire of my life. I ask you this in 
the name of Jesus Christ, my dear Saviour." 

On Saturday my master returned home, so anxious 
to tell his experiences in Tokyo that he could scarcely 
eat the feast which had been prepared. That night 
he ate his food with his children and there was no sake 
on the table. Always before he had had his meals 
served alone, with the quart of sake never lacking. 
After dinner a terrible thing happened! My master 
tore down from the wall the shelf on which I stood 
and broke into many pieces all the gods but me, whom 
he shut up in a drawer to be saved as a family relic, 
commanding that I was not to be taken out again. 

The next day being Sunday, my master told my 
mistress that he had heard of a Christian Sunday 
school in a nearby village and said that she must take 
the maid and the children and go to find it. So they 
started, the maid with the baby strapped to her back, 
and our mistress holding a hand of each of the older 
girls. In her sleeve she carried a tiny package of 
Sunday school cards which my master had brought 
from Tokyo, to present to the teacher. They found 
the house, where forty or fifty children were sitting on 
the floor listening to the teacher, who stood under the 
god-shelf, telling the story of Jesus Christ. After the 
story was over, the children sang a song and bowed ; 
then stepping into their wooden shoes at the door, all 
clattered out into the street. My mistress said to the 
teacher, "My lord has very suddenly decided to become 
a Christian, so I must now study hard to learn the 
Bible." 



JAPAN 123 

My master was already a changed man, spending his 
evenings romping with his girls, but not as he used to 
do when he had drunk more sake than usual. 

Our mistress must have felt sorry for me, because 
one day she took me out and set me on top of the chest 
of drawers. Whether she forgot to put me back in my 
prison, or whether my master came back earlier than 
she expected him, I do not know; but when he saw 
me sitting up there he was more angry than I have 
ever seen him, and calling for his long fish knife, said, 
"I thought I could not destroy this for my family's 
sake, but if it is going to stand in the way of your 
becoming a Christian, it too must go." Then he 
chopped me into many pieces and ordered me to be 
thrown into the kindling-wood box with a lot of com- 
mon trash. My poor little mistress, and the maid and 
children too, cried very hard, and suddenly, in the 
midst of the commotion, the foreign teacher appeared 
at the door. After a few words of apology my master 
told her that he had given every soldier in the barracks 
a pamphlet telling of his conversion and urging him to 
seek similar happiness in Christianity and the abandon- 
ment of sake. Before the teacher left she saw that my 
master was going to be just as earnest in his Christian 
as he had been in his Buddhist faith and requested him 
to give her all my pieces to be used in her Christian 
work. So they fitted me together and bound me 
around the waist with cords. 

My new home in the Christian school is very differ- 
ent from my other ones. Although I cannot under- 
stand the queer language spoken here, I was the center 



124 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

of attraction for several evenings. One day Captain 
Nemura and his wife invited many military friends to 
their house for a memorial service for his mother. 
After the Japanese pastor had spoken on "I am the 
Way, the Truth and the Life" my old master got up 
and told his friends why he had become a Christian 
and how wicked it was for them to drink sake and 
smoke so many cigarettes. It seemed strange to the 
guests, but they could say nothing, as there was only 
one officer in the barracks superior to Captain Nemura. 
My old master has since been made a general and my 
life in the stuffy table drawer at the Hakodate Girls' 
School is very quiet and uneventful. It is certainly a 
great change from the good old days when I was the 
most important member of the Nemura family, but I 
suppose that the fall of all my fellow-gods is bound 
to come, too. 

Song: "From Greenland's Icy Mountains" — second 
and third stanzas, emphasizing the lines : 

"The heathen in his blindness, 

Bows down to wood and stone." 



X 
LABRADOR 

THE DEEP SEA DOCTOR'S CHALLENGE 

Suggestions: The following program, featuring a call to 
service, imaginatively issued by Dr. Wilfred T. Grenfell of the 
Labrador Mission, arranged by Madeleine Sweeny Miller, is 
based upon articles in Saint Nicholas by M. R. Parkman and 
A. C. Kendall. It requires the following 

PARTICIPANTS 

Dr. Grenfell, a middle-aged man of forceful person- 
ality, with mustache. 

A Harvard Junior. 

A group of young men and women from Senior De- 
partment, representing Student Volunteers. 

[All are seated on platform at beginning of service.] 

Hymn: [Announced by superintendent for entire 
school] "Eternal Father, Strong to Save." 

Harvard Junior [Addressing group on platform] : 
I want you folks to realize that you are about to have 
one of the greatest treats of your life in hearing Dr. 
Grenfell, superintendent of the Labrador Medical 
Mission, unique among living missionaries. The 
students of Harvard flock to hear him when he comes 
to lecture there. I've been lucky enough to spend two 
vacations with him, curing fisher folks in that bleak 
and rugged land of wind-swept reefs and ice floes. 

125 



126 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

And there isn't a student in Harvard who wouldn't 
rather have an invitation from Dr. Grenfell than a bid 
to the strongest fraternity in the land. I claim the 
privilege of introducing to you the good doctor, who, 
in his merciful little craft, braves the storms of that 
most dangerous of all sea-coasts and endures the hard- 
ships of arctic winters just to care for the lonely 
fisherman of the Labrador — Dr. Wilfred T. Grenfell. 
Dr. Grenfell: Don't think for a moment that I am a 
martyr, for I have a jolly good time of it. There's 
nothing like a really good scrimmage to make a fellow 
feel that he is alive. I learned that in my football 
days at' Oxford, and the Labrador gives even better 
chances to know the joy of winning out in the ad- 
venture of life. You may wonder how I chanced to 
go to that lonely land at all. One day, while study- 
ing medicine in London, I was attracted by the excite- 
ment of an enormous crowd outside of a tent in the 
notorious White Chapel district. I entered; a new 
faith dawned upon me that God had given me talents 
of which I had not even known; that he not only had 
saved me, but would use me. In the city there were 
already doctors to spare. Why should I hang out my 
sign there when away on the northern coasts of New- 
foundland there were thirty thousand people prac- 
tically without medical care ? In my hospital-schooner 
"Albert," I made my first cruise, ministering in three 
months to nine hundred patients. People who saw me 
put out in a worn-out whale boat in terrific gales, 
thought me a madman with a charmed life. My boat 
capsized, swamped, blew out on the rocks, was driven 



LABRADOR 127 

out to sea, reported lost, but always turned up in the 
harbor, all hands tingling with the zest of the conflict. 

Harvard Junior: Tell them, doctor, who the people 
are to whom you minister. 

Dr. GrenfelU Simple, rugged men. Besides the 
scattered groups of Eskimos in the north who hunt 
walrus and seal, and the Indians who roam in the 
interior for animal skins, there are a few thousand 
English-speaking people scattered along the coast. In 
the summer many thousands of fishermen come to 
share in the profit of the cod and salmon industries. 
Accidents, due to crashing ice floes, are frequent ; few 
of the folks know how to swim, for as an old skipper 
once explained, "We has enough o' the w^ater without 
goin' to bother wi' it when we are ashore." 

Student Volunteer [with interest] : Doctor, what is 
the most terrible experience you have had in the 
Labrador? 

Dr. Grenfell: It was on Easter Sunday, 1908, that 
word came to the hospital that a boy was very ill in a 
village sixty miles away. To reach him by boat was 
impossible, so I got my small "komatik," or sledge, 
ready and started off with my eight splendid dogs who 
had carried me through so many tight places. While 
crossing a ten-mile arm of the sea on salt-water ice, a 
sudden change in the wind broke the bridge asunder 
and I found myself adrift on an ice-pan with a wid- 
ened chasm between it and land. Quickly I cut the 
harness of the dogs to keep them from being dragged 
down after the sled. I then discovered myself soaking 
wet, with extra clothing and sledge gone and only the 



128 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

remotest chance of being rescued. Floating pans of 
slob ice made swimming impossible. Night came and 
I was obliged to sacrifice three of my dogs and clothe 
myself in their skins to keep from freezing. Then, 
thus protected from the bitter wind, I fell asleep. 
When daylight came I took off my gayly colored shirt 
and, with the leg-bones of the slain dogs as a pole, con- 
structed a flag of distress. At last I saw the gleam of 
an oar and I could hardly believe my eyes, which were 
indeed almost snow-blinded. Then appeared a man 
waving to me, and in a moment came the blessed sound 
of a friendly voice. The men had an exciting time 
reaching shore, but mounted the bank at last and 
rushed me to the hospital by sledge. 

Harvard Junior: Yes, and the old fishermen who 
rescued him afterward told some one: "The first thing 
he said when he became conscious again was how 
wonderful sorry he was of getting into such a mess 
and giving me the trouble of coming out for un. 
Then he fretted about the fry he was going to see and 
us toF un his life was worth more 'n the fry, fur he 
could save others." And in the hospital hallway the 
doctor had placed a bronze tablet with this stirring 
inscription : 

"To the Memory of Three Noble Dogs, Moody, 
Watch, and Spy, whose lives were given for mine 
on the ice, April 21, 1908 — Wilfred Grenfell." 

[During this recital Dr. Grenfell is deeply stirred 
with emotion.] 

Student Volunteer: I have heard that the little 



LABRADOR 129 

village of Saint Anthony is called Dr. Grenf ell's town. 
What is to be seen there ? 

Harvard Junior: A hospital over whose doors are 
inscribed the words: "Faith, Hope, and Love abide, 
but the greatest of these is Love" ; an orphanage whose 
superscription is: "Suffer little children to come unto 
me" ; a church prim and white, where on Sunday 
evenings the weather-beaten fishermen crowd to hear 
Dr. Grenfell read the story of the prodigal son — O I 
wish all the fellows at home could hear that! 

Dr. Grenfell: Don't forget the cooperative stores 
built to save the poverty-stricken people from mortgag- 
ing their season's catch to buy the necessities of life; 
and the schooner-building yard and the cooperage for 
fish barrels. The two jails we have made into clubs. 

Harvard Junior: Dr. Grenfell has financed these 
schemes himself with the help of friends. All the 
income from his books and lectures, too, he gives, 
keeping nothing but his small salary as mission doctor. 
Stores, fox-farms, reindeer, sawmills — all are deeded 
to the Deep-Sea Mission. O folks, it is great to be 
even a student "wop" shoveling coal for Dr. Grenfell 
back of the hospital, or harrowing straggling fields. 

Dr. Grenfell: Young people, whether in the Labra- 
dor, or Siam, India or Iceland, enter somewhere the 
service that is perfect freedom, the service of the King 
of kings. Life is indeed a glorious adventure, whose 
meaning is service and whose end is eternity. 

[The Student Volunteers all rise and sing: "I'll go 
where you want me to go, dear Lord." The entire 
school joins in the last two verses. 



XI 
MEDICAL 

A PLEA FOR MEDICAL MISSIONS 

Suggestions: The following plea for medical missions should 
be mastered in advance and presented as a reading or declama- 
tion by some member of the department. It may be used just 
before the missionary offering. It should be preceded by a 
brief introductory statement by the leader. 

I speak of the men and women who risk their lives 
in the relief of suffering and to set forth the Christian 
ideal of caring for the stricken ones. 

In the early days of Jesus's ministry John the Bap- 
tist sent messengers to Jesus to discover whether he 
was really the Christ. "In that hour," the story re- 
lates, "he cured many of the diseases and plagues and 
evil spirits ; and on many that were blind he bestowed 
sight." 

Then Jesus turned to the messengers and said, "Go 
your way, and tell John what things ye have seen and 
heard ; how the blind see, the lame walk, the lepers are 
cleansed, the deaf hear, the dead are raised, to the 
poor the gospel is preached." 

What further proof was needed ! Were not Jesus's 
deeds of mercy sufficient credentials as to his char- 
acter ? 

Healing of the body was not an afterthought with 
Jesus. Frt>m the first it has been an inherent part of 

130 



MEDICAL 131 

the Christian program, and as such it has been peculiar 
to Christianity. To be sure, "doctors" are to be found 
in all parts of the world; but scientifically trained 
medical practitioners, hospitals, the treatment of the 
needy without price, hygiene, sanitation, and preven- 
tive medicine are not to be found outside of Christian 
influences. 

A large proportion of the people of the world are 
born, live, and die without once having the services of 
a trained physician. In India alone the number of 
natives living entirely out of reach of medical care is 
estimated to be greater than the present population of 
the United States. 

In our own way we have been trying to give the 
world the best that we have. To do less would be 
less than Christian. We may ask, "Does it pay?" 
The essential query, however, for us is rather, "Does it 
help relieve a little of the suffering of the world? 
Does it bring cheer to many who sadly need cheer? 
Does it afford us an opportunity to show the world 
what Jesus meant when he said, "It is more blessed 
to give than to receive" ? 

Thus through us is the Christ bringing healing of 
body as well as soul to multitudes who without our 
help would not have a fair chance at the good things 
of life. 



"A MISSIONARY AND A HALF" 

Suggestions: The following story may be presented as a 
recitation or a reading by a pupil. 

A "missionary and a half" is a missionary doctor. 
There is always a welcome in every Chinese home for 
those who can cure the sick. 

"Mother, mother," cried a small boy, "I don't want 
to see the doctor !" 

"Don't cry, son. He will surely make you better," 
replied the mother. But her heart was heavy, for she 
knew Chinese doctors often gave most painful treat- 
ment to the sick. 

The doctor to whom they went was a tall Chinaman, 
wearing a huge pair of spectacles and dressed in a 
flowing silk robe. First he asked the mother if she had 
left any doors open through which evil spirits might 
enter ; then he told her to undress the sick boy. The 
doctor then took a rusty old needle, eight inches long, 
and ran it more than once into the boy's flesh to drive 
out the evil spirits. 

Screaming with pain and terror, the little boy was 
finally carried home. He was laid on a brick bed, and 
for days seemed nearly dead. 

"Why don't you take your boy to the missionary 
doctor?" asked a kind neighbor. "She has helped 
many." 

"I am afraid to go there," said the worried mother. 
"They say these foreign doctors take out children's 
eyes to make medicine." 

1 3 2 



MEDICAL 133 

"I am sure that isn't true/' replied the neighbor, 
"for I have been to see them, and they are very kind. 
You know our doctors are not helping your boy." 

"My boy will die, I know," moaned the mother, 
"unless I do something quickly. Yes ! I think I will 
try the missionary doctor," and so she sought her out. 

The missionary doctor reached out her hands for 
the sick boy, but he looked at her with frightened eyes 
and screamed in terror, "Don't pierce me ! Don't 
pierce me I" 

The doctor showed her empty hands. He saw that 
she held no awful needle. She gave him some medi- 
cine made into a sugar ball, not like the horrible stuff 
which the Chinese doctor had given him. 

The next day the sick boy came again and said, with 
beaming face, "The medicine made me a little better; 
please give me some more." He liked the little sugar 
balls. 

It was not long before the little sick boy became 
strong and well, and the people all around knew what 
a wonderful thing the "Jesus doctor" had done. 



XII 
MEXICO 

IN "CACTUS LAND" 

Suggestions: The following story, adapted from a program 
by Augusta Walden Comstock, may be mastered and told by 
the Superintendent or by a member of the department. 

We are to think to-day of our neighbor on the south 
of us, that great country of Mexico, sometimes called 
"Cactus Land" because so many varieties of the 
thorny, prickly cactus grow there. 

I am going to ask you in a minute to find and read 
a chapter in this book [show Bible] with me. Do you 
know that in Mexico there are many people who have 
never even heard of the Bible? Let me tell you how 
one man first saw it and what he thought of it. 

"I want to preach," said a young Mexican by the 
name of Lazarus, after he had become a Christian. 
"I'm afraid you can't," replied the missionary, "for 
you have never been to school and cannot even read." 

"I know what I can do," said Lazarus. "I can take 
Bibles and sell them." 

So they secured a white mule and made two large 
packs of Bibles, and Lazarus set off with them across 
the mountains to a little town where no one had ever 
seen a Bible. He rode straight up to the market place, 
where all kinds of articles, such as chickens, vege- 
tables, and fruits were displayed for sale. Tying his 

134 



MEXICO 135 

mule, Lazarus opened his packs and spread out his 
Bibles, putting on top a large Bible with gilt edges. 

Soon up rode Don Juan, and pointing to the large 
Bible, asked, "What is that book ?" 

"Don't you know that book?" asked Lazarus. "Can 
you read?" 

"No, I can't read, but I have some children at home 
who can," answered Don Juan. 

"That's a book you ought to have then," insisted 
Lazarus. 

"How much is it?" 

"Three dollars." 

"You say it is good ; then I'll take it," and paying the 
three dollars, Don Juan took it away with him. 

At home his children read it to him, and the more 
they read the more interested he became. Finally he 
said, "I wonder if the priest knows about that book. 
It tells so much about Peter and John and other saints,. 
I'm sure he'd like to see it." 

But when he showed the book the priest was very 
angry. He tore out many of the leaves, threw them 
and the Bible on the ground, and stamped on them, 
shouting, "That's a bad book — a bad book!" 

Astonished, Don Juan picked up the book and 
answered, "All right. If it's bad, I know just where I 
bought it. I'll go and get my money back." 

Seeking out Lazarus, he said, "I want my money 
back. That is a bad book you sold me." 

"Who told you it was bad ?" 

"The priest, so give me back my money." 

"If you can find a single bad thing in it," replied 



136 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Lazarus, --if you can find one place where it teaches 
you J to be a bad father, to lie, to steal, to gamble, or to 
speak bad words, you come back one week from to-day 
and I will give you back your money." 

Doubtfully and reluctantly Don Juan went away, 
and Lazarus sought out the chief officer of the town 
and told him how the priest had torn and soiled the 
Bible. The official summoned the priest and told him 
he must pay for the Bible or go to court to be tried. 
Fearing he might have to pay the court charges besides 
paying for the Bible, the priest paid the three dollars. 

So Don Juan found that Jesus Christ loves him and 
is his Saviour, and to-day he and all his family are 
members of a Protestant church. 

Do you suppose he'd sell that torn and soiled Bible? 
Not for any money. The missionary tried to buy it 
that he might show it when he told his story, but Don 
Juan answered : "It is a precious treasure to me, for it 
brought me to Christ. I must keep it always." 



XIII 
PACIFIC ISLES 

A MAP TALK ON MALAYSIA 

Suggestions: A good map of the Malay Archipelago should 
be available for this talk. It may be made in advance by a 
member of the department. The various larger islands should 
be carefully named and the relation of the Archipelago to 
Southeastern Asia indicated. As far as possible indicate on 
the map the various mission stations. Draw out by questions 
as much information from the group as possible. The follow- 
ing facts will serve as a basis for the talk : 

The Malay Archipelago is the largest system of 
island groups in the world. 

It is situated between southeastern Asia and 
Australia. It separates the Pacific from the Indian 
Ocean. It lies entirely within the tropics. 

Malaysia, excluding New Guinea, has a total area 
of some 745,000 square miles. 

If England, Scotland, Ireland, and. Wales with the 
Irish Sea were put down in Borneo, there would be a 
strip of jungle a hundred miles deep all around these. 

Sumatra is as large as New York, Pennsylvania, 
Ohio, and two thirds of Indiana. 

The estimated population of Malaysia is 50,000,000, 
but Malaysia is so productive that she could supply 
homes and food for one third of the human race. 

The islands are all mountains, the highest peak being 
Mount Kinabalu in Borneo. 

137 



138 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Most of these islands are abundantly watered and 
covered with luxuriant tropical vegetation. 

"When you washed your face this morning the soap 
was probably made from coconut oil from Malaysia. 
Malaysia probably furnished the rattan for the cane- 
bottomed chair in which you sat and the tinware in the 
kitchen where your breakfast was cooked. You put 
Java sugar in your Java coffee, or your Java tea or 
your Java cocoa. You put Borneo pepper on your 
eggs. Your coffee cake was seasoned with Malaysia 
spices, and your pudding was made of Malaysia 
tapioca and seasoned with Malaysia nutmeg. Your 
peanut butter was made of Malaysia peanuts. Your 
laundryman uses Malaysia bluing, and the tires on 
your car are from Malaysia rubber. You wear a 
Java straw hat in your garden, and your neighbor 
smokes a Sumatra cigar. Your dentist uses Malaysia 
cocaine, and your doctor gives you Malaysia quinine 
for your malaria and Malaysia capsicum for your 
indigestion." 

The Portuguese first began trading in Malaysia, but 
at present most of the islands are controlled by the 
Dutch. The Philippines, however, belong to the 
United States, and the British have possessions in 
North Borneo, Singapore, and a few other places. 

With the exception of Java, Malaysia is one vast 
jungle. The tropical climate and rich soil makes the 
vegetation grow in great profusion. 

Java, about the size of New York State, is the most 
important island of Malaysia. It lies just south of 
the equator. 



PACIFIC ISLES 139 

Java is long and narrow, its greatest length being 
666 miles. Its breadth varies from 46 to 121 miles. 

JaVa is one of the largest and most populous islands 
in the world. It is unsurpassed in its fertility and the 
beauty of its scenery. 

Java has 45 volcanic peaks with 14 active volcanoes 
in one area 20 by 35 miles. 

During historic ages these volcanoes have destroyed 
tens of thousands of lives. Sometimes an entire 
mountain explodes. 

The white man here must avoid the direct rays of 
the sun during the heat of the day, but breezes render 
life comfortable all the year around. Violent storms 
are unknown, though terrific lightning and thunder are 
frequent. 

Java produces rice, sugar, cotton, coffee, and a 
multitude of other things too numerous to mention. 

Java has many wild animals, including tigers, 
leopards, monkeys, and numerous others. 

Insects are without number, and there are more than 
300 species of land birds. The sea abounds in fish, 
600 different species being known. In a little more 
than one hundred years the population of Java has in- 
creased from 3,000,000 to more than 30,000,000. 

Nominally the Javanese are Mohammedans, and 
they pay great respect to a returned pilgrim from 
Mecca. 

Buddhism was, however, introduced early into Java, 
and the most elaborate monument of the Buddhistic 
style of architecture existing in the world to-day is the 
Boro Buddor of Java. 



i 4 o MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

There are fewer missionaries in Java than there are 
fingers on your two hands, and each missionary is 
forced to earn his own living in addition to doing mis- 
sionary work. This he does by teaching; yet there 
are more people in Java than in the United States west 
of the Mississippi River and including Wisconsin and 
Michigan. 

In most of the other islands of Malaysia the needs 
and opportunities are as great or greater in proportion 
to the population than in Java. 



THE SINKING OF THE WELL 

Suggestions: The following dialogue, arranged by Dora N. 
Abbott, is adapted from the story of John G. Paton as written 
by himself. Three characters are necessary : the Missionary 
, Superintendent to read explanatory parts, a Boy to represent 
John G. Paton, and another Boy to represent a native. 
Costumes are unnecessary, but the following may be used if 
desired : Paton, a white suit, the native any cotton shirt and 
trousers. 

Missionary Superintendent: Aniva is a flat coral 
island where rain is scarce. The natives at certain 
seasons drank very unwholesome water. The best 
water they had was the juice of the coconut. Paton 
and his household needed fresh water and so he 
planned the sinking of the well. 

[Enter Paton and the Native Chief] 

Paton: I am going to dig a deep well into the earth 
to see if our God will send us up fresh water from 
below. 

Native Chief: O, Missi ! Wait till the rain comes 
down and we will save all we can possible for you. 

Paton: We may die for lack of water. If no fresh 
water can be got, we may be forced to leave you. 

Native Chief: O, Missi ! You must not leave us for 
that. Rain comes only from above. How could you 
expect our island to send up showers of rain from 
below ? 

Paton: Fresh water does come springing up from 
the earth at home and I hope to see it here also. 

Native Chief: O, Missi, your head is going wrong; 

141 



142 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

you are losing something, or you would not talk like ! 
Don't let the people hear you talking about going down 
into the earth for rain or they will never listen to your 
word or believe you again. 

[Speaking to himself] 

Poor Missi ! That's the way they all talk. That's 
the way they all do who go mad. There's no driving 
a notion out of their heads. We must watch him now. 
He will find it harder to work with pick and shovel 
than with his pen, and when he is tired we will per- 
suade him to stop. 

Paton [holding up a large fish hook] : One of these 
to every man who fills and turns over three buckets of 
dirt out of this hole. 

{Two weeks later) 

Missionary Superintendent: The hole which was 
twelve feet deep the evening before is found caved in 
when they come to work in the morning. 

[Enter Paton and Chief] 

Chief: You are making your own grave and ours 
too. All your fish hooks will not tempt my men to go 
into that hole now. They don't want to be buried with 
you. Will you not give it up now? [Exit both.] 

Missionary Superintendent: By means of an ex- 
temporized pulley and block with a rope to pull up the 
bucket of dirt, Paton was able to continue work in the 
well. A native preacher hired the men to walk on the 
ground and pull up the buckets of dirt when Paton 
rang a little bell as signal. 

[Enter Paton and Chief.] 



PACIFIC ISLES 143 

Pat on: I believe God will give us water from this 
hole to-morrow. It is thirty feet deep. 

Native Chief: No, Missi ! You will never see rain 
coming up from the earth on this island. We expect 
daily if you reach water to see you drop through into 
the sea and the sharks will eat you. That will be the 
end of it : death to you and danger to us all. 

Pat on: Come to-morrow. I hope and believe God 
will send you rain through the earth. [Exit both.] 

Missionary Superintendent: Paton comes early next 
morning and begins digging, bringing a jug with him. 

Paton: I will dig a narrow hole in the center of the 
bottom about two feet deep and see if I will reach 
water. Here is water! Fresh water! [Comes up 
with a jug full.] 

[Enter Chief.} 

Paton: Taste it ! 

Native Chief: Rain! Rain! How did you get it? 

Paton: My God gave it to me out of his own earth in 
answer to our labors and prayers. Go and see it 
springing up. 

Native Chief [looking carefully over the edge] : 
Wonderful is the work of your Jehovah God. Will it 
always come, or will it come and go? Will you or 
your family drink it all ? 

Paton: You and all your people may come and drink 
and carry away as much as you wish. The more we 
use the fresher it will become. 

Native Chief: Missi, what can we do to help you 
now? 

Paton: Let every man and woman carry from the 



144 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

shore the largest coral blocks they can find. You have 
seen it all cave in once. We must build it round with 
great coral blocks to make the sides strong. I will 
clear it out and prepare a foundation. It is well worth 
the toil to preserve Jehovah's great gift. 

Native Chief: Missi, you have been strong to work. 
Your strength has fled. But rest here beside us and 
just point out where each block is to be laid. We will 
lay them there, we will build them solidly and no man 
shall sleep till all is done. 



THE GREATHEART OF NEW GUINEA 

Suggestions: The following story may be mastered and told 
by the leader, or it may be used as a reading: 

School was over for the day and several pupils had 
started on the three-mile homeward walk. Some dis- 
tance ahead of them was a wooden bridge crossing a 
roaring and tumbling river, swollen with the recent 
rains. Suddenly a cry sounded up from the river. 
An accident had happened, and the unfortunate victim 
was being swept down the stream. The school chil- 
dren were startled. One ten-year-old boy took in the 
situation at a glance. Swiftly he ran for the bridge, 
throwing off his coat as he ran. Climbing under the 
bridge and clinging to the timbers beneath, he waited. 
As the drowning victim was hurried past the boy seized 
the clothes of the unfortunate one, allowed himself to 
slip into the water, and struck out for the branch of an 
overhanging tree. A life had been saved, and a ten- 
year-old boy had saved it. 

The boy was "Jim" Chalmers. Born in a fishing 
village on the western coast of Scotland, he never 
knew what it was to be afraid of the water. During 
his whole life he had never been far from the ocean, 
and much of his time had been spent in and upon it. 
He used to say that he didn't know what heaven would 
be like without the sea. 

As a boy James Chalmers never was quite so happy 
as when riding a raft, an old log, a piece of plank, or 
an old, abandoned boat. Many were his adventures. 

H5 



146 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Soon after the incident narrated he plunged into the 
water and rescued a child who was being carried off 
by the current. Later he saved two young men from 
drowning. The saving was not all on one side, how- 
ever, for on three different occasions James Chalmers 
himself was pulled out of the water and taken home 
for drowned. On another occasion he was with diffi- 
culty saved from being carried out to sea in an old 
boat. So many escapes did the boy have that his 
father used to say he believed there must be some fate 
besides drowning in store for James. That father 
could hardly foresee what a strange fate it was to be. 

At sixteen James planned to run away and go to sea, 
but the thought of his broken-hearted mother re- 
strained him. He stayed in school and went to college 
instead. Here, as elsewhere, the strong, enthusiastic, 
mischief-loving young man was a great favorite. He 
loved practical jokes, and when he had one of his 
"spells" there was not much studying done. One 
night, in order to get even with him, his fellow students 
locked him in his room, filled the keyhole with cayenne 
pepper and touched a match to it. When Chalmers 
put his head out of the window in order to breathe, a 
pail of water descended upon him from above. Not 
even a ducking, however, could dampen his exuberant 
spirits. 

With all of his love of fun, Chalmers was a serious- 
minded, devout Christian, and he could lead a prayer 
meeting or work in a city mission as effectively as he 
could play a joke. He had determined to become a 
foreign missionary, and, as may well be imagined, he 



PACIFIC ISLES 147 

wanted to go among real heathen. He didn't want 
any soft, easy field in which to work. 

At twenty-five years of age Chalmers and his bride 
started for Rarotonga, an island in the southern Pacific 
Ocean northeast of Australia. Before their boat had 
left the English Channel they were nearly lost in a 
storm which wrecked twenty-two other vessels. Some 
months later the boat ran upon a coral reef and began 
to leak badly. The pumps were worked with great 
vigor and the boat was finally released by the running 
and jumping of some natives from a nearby island, 
who had been secured for that purpose. This did not 
conclude the voyagers' troubles, however, for the boat 
was soon wrecked on another reef, the outfit of the 
missionaries lost, and Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers left for 
three months on a lonely island. They were picked up 
by a passing vessel, and seventeen months after leaving 
England they arrived at their appointed field, Raro- 
tonga. 

Rarotonga is one of the Cook Islands in the southern 
Pacific. It is surrounded by a coral reef thirty-five 
miles in circumference. The island has a beautiful 
white, sandy beach, and upon it grow chestnut, coco- 
nut, breadfruit, and banana trees in great abundance. 
Despite the beauty of the island there were many 
things to be set right. Licentiousness, deceit, theft, 
drunkenness, and other vices abounded. The natives 
were so given to drink that Chalmers used coconut 
milk instead of wine when administering the Lord's 
Supper. 

There was much work to be done in Rarotonga, but 



148 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Chalmers had a very great desire to press on and 
open up some newer fields. He urged the Missionary 
Society to send out some one to take up the work at 
Rarotonga and permit him to go to the "heathen." 
After ten years his desire was granted, and he was free 
to start for New Guinea. Many parts of this immense 
island had not been explored by white men. The in- 
habitants were cannibals, and numerous were the white 
victims who had fallen into their hands only to be 
killed and eaten. The element of danger made the 
work more attractive to Chalmers. He was sure that 
the power of the gospel was sufficient even to trans- 
form cannibals. 

When Chalmers reached the southeastern portion of 
New r Guinea he found life there very primitive indeed. 
All instruments in use were made of stone; the use of 
money was unknown; the various tribes were in a 
continual state of war; the natives ate human flesh and 
held human life in little regard ; necklaces of human 
bones were worn, and human jawbones were attached 
to the arms. The houses were decorated with human 
skulls. The islanders informed Chalmers that they 
were cannibals and that human flesh tasted very good 
to them. 

During the first few days and weeks of their stay 
there were many plots and attempts to kill the mission- 
aries and their helpers. . One night a plot was laid to 
murder them. A native who had become friendly told 
Chalmers of it in detail. A boat was in the harbor and 
there was a chance for the party to slip out at mid- 
night and escape. The facts were laid before Mrs. 









PACIFIC ISLES 149 

Chalmers and the decision was left to her. Her 
answer reflects her courage and great faith : "We have 
come here to preach the gospel and to do these people 
good; God, whom we serve, will take care of us. We 
will stay. If we die, we die; if we live, we live." 
The boat left, and the last hope for escape was gone. 
All night long the missionaries heard the horn blowing 
to call the warriors from the bush. All night and the 
next day they watched, but, as if by miracle, the 
danger was averted. 

Leaving Mrs. Chalmers behind, Chalmers soon 
started on the first of his countless tours along the 
coast of New Guinea. No bay was too dangerous for 
him to enter, and no tribe was too fierce to receive a 
visit from him. His hair-breadth escapes make one 
shudder, but to him they were nothing. He was 
simply going about his ordinary duties, and he didn't 
want to be considered a hero. At one time he wrote 
home : "The home church seems to think that we have 
much to endure, many trying experiences and hard- 
ships. I fail to see them." 

Again and again he was in danger of drowning. 
Four times he was shipwrecked; many times he was 
capsized in the wild surf and escaped with difficulty. 
Once, when he asked for a drink, he was poisoned and 
did not recover for a month. At another time as he 
was backing away from a crowd of threatening 
natives, he turned in time to see a man in the rear just 
ready to strike him with a stone club. He seized the 
club and escaped. 

These dangers were but the pepper and salt that 



150 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

made his work attractive. Chalmers's wonderful per- 
sonality won the natives, and he made friends where 
no one else could have done so. He writes: "We do 
not spend our time in hymn-singing, praying, and 
preaching in public, as many suppose ; rather in bush- 
clearing, fencing, building, planting, and many other 
forms of work, in play, in feasting, traveling, joking, 
laughing, and all of the other ordinary activities of 
life." Chalmers insisted that if a missionary was to 
accomplish much in New Guinea, he must mingle 
freely with the natives. He was even "initiated" and 
became a member of some of the savage tribes. 

For more than ten years the London Missionary 
Society had been trying to get Chalmers to come to 
England on a furlough. He was rather incorrigible, 
however, and for a long time they could not persuade 
him to come. At last he consented, and reached Eng- 
land after nearly twenty-one years of absence. He 
was now.alone, for Mrs. Chalmers had died some years 
before. Chalmers had thought himself very much a 
savage after his twenty-one years of roughing it, but he 
soon became one of the most popular missionary 
speakers of the nineteenth century. 

A few months of this life were enough for Chal- 
mers, and he returned to continue his work of opening 
up new places. Eight years later he was again in 
England for a short time. 

On Easter Sunday, April 7, 1901, Chalmers's vessel 
anchored in front of a small island just off the coast 
of New Guinea. The next morning, amid canoes 
crowded with natives bearing spears, clubs, and knives, 



PACIFIC ISLES 151 

Chalmers started for the shore. His small craft 
entered a little bay, and there Chalmers disappeared 
forever from the view of men. A native afterward 
described what happened to the missionary when he 
and his young colleague, Oliver Tomkins, landed on 
that wild shore. He was struck down with a stone 
club and stabbed, his head was cut off, and his body 
cut into pieces and given to the women to be cooked 
and eaten. 

Surely this was a cruel and revolting tragedy, but 
it was more than that — it was a glorious end to a noble 
life. Even Chalmers himself would not have had it 
different, for his death did much to break up the 
cannibalism of New Guinea. 

A short time before Chalmers's death he wrote: "I 
should not like to become a shelved missionary. Far 
better to go home from the field, busy at work." 

The words contained in an address after his death 
expressed the feeling of thousands : "Know ye not that 
there is a prince and a great man fallen this day in 
Israel?" 



XIV 
PORTO RICO 

A PERSONAL TOUCH FROM PORTO RICO 

Suggestions: This exercise has been arranged by Helen 
Bushnell. A chart to be placed on the bulletin board, the 
Sunday before the program, may have a picture of a coconut 
on one corner, and a whisky bottle or liquor cask on the 
opposite corner. Few words are needed. Some such catchy 
phrase as : "When Porto Rico Chose the Coconut — Hear 
About It in Sunday School Next Sunday"; or, "Coconuts 
Versus Liquor — Which One in Porto Ricof Come Next 
Sunday and Find Out" will help to arouse interest. Postcard 
pictures or photographs of Porto Rico scenes would add to the 
value of the poster. The leader should not read the "talk." 
The quotations from the letters may very properly be read, 
but the explanations and general outline of the information 
should be first absorbed by the speaker, and then given out 
sympathetically and understandingly. A good book on 
customs and scenery in Porto Rico may be secured from the 
public library and read to get a background of knowledge of 
the country. 

Some one has said that Porto Rico is one of the best 
places on earth for an auto ride. It has a series of the 
finest roads in the world. Porto Rico is an island 
territory with a total area of 3,606 square miles, and 
a population larger than that of the State of Connecti- 
cut. Held under the sway of the Roman Catholic 
Church for four hundred years, it was practically iso- 
lated from Protestant influence until acquired by the 

152 



PORTO RICO 153 

United States in 1898. Coming into citizenship from 
an environment which afforded them no training in 
democracy, the Porto Ricans stand in need of more 
thorough Americanization. Less than half of the 
people can read or write. 

Their churches vary from fine stone buildings in 
some of the cities to isolated shacks, built of the bark 
of the royal palm, and thatched with grass or palm 
leaves. But whether their walls are strong or flimsy, 
within them the Porto Ricans are finding a firm 
foundation on which to build their faith. 

In 191 7 there was great agitation among the voters 
over the question of prohibition. A missionary writ- 
ing from there at that time said : 

"We are having great excitement over the w r et and 
dry question. So many of the citizens can neither 
read nor write, that the ballots had to be planned 
accordingly. So the words were written on the ballots 
(in Spanish of course) for those who could read. The 
left-hand column was for prohibition, and besides the 
text of the measure to be voted upon, it had a picture 
of a coconut. The other column was headed by a 
picture of a whisky bottle. Those who could not read 
made their crosses by the pictures, to show which side 
of the question they wanted to vote upon. Last Sun- 
day during the Sunday school services there was a 
fearful hubbub in the street outside, and a procession 
went by. The first half was made up of men, carrying 
bottles and crying, 'We want the bottle !' They were 
followed by a gang of boys shouting, 'We want the 
coconut I' " 



154 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

It is interesting to know that Porto Rico went dry 
at that time, and in the Record of Christian Work for 
one of the fall months of 1918 there was a paragraph 
mentioning the fact that since prohibition went into 
effect all the schools on the island had become over- 
crowded, and the evangelical churches were trying to 
cope with the situation by organizing and maintaining 
night schools as part of their regular work. 

A missionary who has spent some years in Porto 
Rico and knows the field well, wrote to a friend in the 
United States in November, 1918, saying: 

"Earthquakes have been rocking this little island of 
ours for about three weeks now. We feel slight 
shocks nearly every day. On the eleventh of this 
month there was a big shock that did a great deal of 
damage in Mayaguez and vicinity, and in Aguadilla. 
Thousands of dollars' worth of property was damaged 
and there was a great loss of life, especially in Agua- 
dilla, where the sea tidal wave swept into the town 
taking a big toll of lives — just how many will never 
be known, for whole families were swept away, it 
seems. About midnight of the twenty-fourth we had 
another ugly shake that made everyone get out into 
the streets as quickly as possible. Many people did 
not return to their homes that night. That shake did 
not do much damage other than to cause some of the 
damaged and tottering buildings to fall. Here in this 
town there was no loss of life and only a few cracked 
buildings. 

"There has never been a time when it was easier to 
speak to people about the gospel. There have been 



PORTO RICO 155 

many religious processions. After the first shock that 
did so much damage, every night people paraded 
through the streets with lighted candles, images of 
saints, or even pictures of saints, imploring the 
'Mother of God' to have mercy. These poor deluded 
people! They think they have Christianity, and it is 
therefore harder for them to understand the simple 
gospel of Jesus than it would be for some one who did 
not have a mistaken idea of the heavenly Father and of 
his Son, the Saviour. 

"I have more faith than ever in our evangelical 
people. Most of them have shown that their Chris- 
tianity is a real and sustaining power in their lives. 
An example will help you to see it too : Our church is 
very poor — I mean made up of poor people. Yet, 
when an offering was taken the other Thursday night 
for those who have suffered so much, our people gave 
in all $30.50. I had thought that at most not more 
than $10 would be contributed. But they said that 
inasmuch as they still had everything, and there were 
those who had lost everything, they could give of what 
God had let them keep." 



XV 
SOUTH AMERICA 

A MAP TALK ON SOUTH AMERICA 

Suggestions: A wall map of South America, or an outline 
map drawn on the blackboard or on a large piece of paper, is 
needed for use in connection with this talk. As many facts 
as possible should be drawn from the class group by questions. 
The following facts will form the basis for the talk. 

South America is almost as large as North 
America, and it contains a habitable area larger than 
the habitable area of North America. 

South America has some of the highest mountain 
ranges, largest rivers, densest forests, most valuable 
natural resources, and largest unexplored land areas 
to be found in the world. 

The Amazon River system alone has over 50,000 
miles of navigable water ways, enough to tie two ropes 
around our planet. 

Ocean steamers can sail up the Amazon River a 
greater distance than the distance from New York 
city to Panama. 

South America produces gold, silver, copper, tin, 
coal, diamonds, emeralds, and many other valuable 
minerals and precious stones. 

Brazil produces three fourths of the world's coffee 
supply, and Argentine long ago became an important 
factor in producing the meat rations of the world. 

156 



SOUTH AMERICA 157 

Before the war broke out in Europe steamers routed 
from Argentine to England were timed to land in 
Liverpool and other ports with the regularity of ex- 
press trains, each boat carrying tons of the finest meat. 

Brazil alone is larger than the entire United States 
or the whole of Europe. 

There are in the interior regions of Brazil vast 
unexplored areas inhabited by wild tribes of Indians 
of whose number only conjectures can be made. 

Illiteracy in South America ranges from forty to 
eighty-five per cent in the different countries. South 
x\merica , s development has been hindered by lack of 
education. 

Practically all of the countries of South America are 
republics, but the governments are not always stable. 

The Catholic Church in South America has stood 
for a closed Bible, and has been anxious to keep the 
people in ignorance. Many Bibles have been taken by 
the priests and burned, and individuals found with 
Bibles have often been cruelly persecuted. 

The marriage relationship is held very lightly in 
South America. 

The name of Jesus Christ is also held in very little 
regard. Stores, butcher shops, and even drinking 
bars, are dedicated to the Saviour, to the Virgin, or to 
the Holy Spirit. 

A census of several thousand students in institutions 
of higher learning recently revealed less than one per 
cent who professed any belief in a Deity. 

There are more ordained ministers in the State of 
Iowa than in all of South America. In any of the ten 



158 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

republics in South America a missionary could have 
an entire city, or dozens of towns for his parish. 

The condition of the native Indians of South 
America is most unfortunate. Their attitude is one 
of cringing fear and humility. They claim no rights 
and are granted few privileges. 

There are 53,000,000 people in South America, 
roughly divided as follows : ten per cent, intellectuals ; 
sixty per cent, mixed stock, more or less ignorant, 
superstitious, fanatical, and nominally Roman Catholic. 
The remaining thirty per cent are Indians, victims of 
neglect and vice. The "intellectuals" of South 
America are almost entirely agnostic or atheistic. 

The church must provide ministers, teachers, and a 
large volume of clean Christian literature if the young 
people of South America are to have a fair chance at 
the best things of life. 



AMERICAN-TRAINED LADS IN BOLIVIA 

Suggestions: The following demonstration, arranged by 
Dora N. Abbott, is adapted from World Outlook, March, 1917. 
The following characters are necessary : Ernesto Gavarra, 
Manuel Florez, and Professor McBride, of the American 
Institute at LaPaz, Bolivia, and the General Manager of the 
Bolivian Railway System. The scene is a railway station 
where Professor McBride meets Ernesto Gavarra and Manuel 
Florez. 

Professor: Glad to see you, Gavarra and Florez. 
How long ago did you fellows graduate? 

Ernesto: Three years. What times we used to 
have ! Do you remember our first track meet ? Every- 
one came out and the American minister gave the 
medals. Do you remember Amiri, a descendant of the 
old Incas, and how they hooted at him when he joined 
our football team? How they yelled at him, "Put a 
pack on his back. He can't play football. Indians 
and mules carry burdens. They don't play football !" 
How their shouts changed to cheers when they saw 
him play ! 

Manuel: I'll never forget our scouting hike to Oruro, 
when we made the record of a hundred and fifty miles 
in four and one half days. They met us fifteen miles 
from the city with bicycles and nearer the city with 
horses and carriages. They thought we would have 
to ride, but every one of the nineteen finished the 
whole trip on foot. When they gave us the banquet 
after we arrived, what a wonder it was to have no 
drinks served! 

159 



160 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

Ernesto: Remember that time when the boys from 
the government school were left by their drunken 
teachers out in the mountains during a storm? We 
formed a searching party and found two of them dead 
and one nearly unconscious. Those scouts were great 
boys ! 

Professor: What are you doing now, Gavarra. 

Ernesto: Working for the Bolivian Railway System. 
I am on my way home from Chile. I have been sick 
and they have just paid my expenses to the coast and 
return with all the hospital bills, besides my regular 
salary for the full month. My pay has jumped from 
forty to two hundred and fifty Bolivianos monthly 
since I went to work for them two and a half years 
ago. 

Professor: Where are you, Florez ? 

Florez: I am assistant secretary to the vice president 
of the Bolivian Railway System. 

[Enter the station the General Manager of the 
Bolivian Railway System.] 

Manuel: I want you to meet my teacher, Professor 
McBride of the American Institute of LaPaz. [In- 
troduce] 

General Manager: What kind of school have you 
there ? 

Professor: All kinds of boys come to our school, 
some from beautiful homes and some from squalid 
huts. There are sons of Indian burden-bearers, or 
merchants, of wealthy mine and ranch owners, and of 
members of the president's Cabinet. There are three 
hundred of them. They can enter kindergarten and 



SOUTH AMERICA 161 

take their B. A. degree before they leave. One of our 
last year's graduates is at the Agricultural College at 
Ames, Iowa, learning how to develop the seven 
thousand square miles of land left him by his father, 
a rich congressman. Another was the son of an old 
man who came carrying the boy's trunk on his back. 
This old man, after dropping the trunk, asked humbly 
to see me and said he hoped his son would do well. 
He won first honors in English at the end of the year. 

General Manager: I have never had as good help in 
the last fifteen years of railway business as I have had 
from the American Institute. I would like to fill my 
office with such boys and take all the fellows recom- 
mended from the graduating class, even if I had to 
pay them a salary until I could find places for them. 
Here's our train. Good-by, Professor. Keep on with 
your good work. [Exit the General Manager, 
Gavarra, and Manuel] 

Professor: Such fellows make one see what Chris- 
tian American education can do for South America. 



XVI 
STEWARDSHIP 

"THANK YOU" 

Suggestions: The following exercise, contributed by Mary 
S. Stover, may be presented by five Intermediate girls. 

CHARACTERS 

May — An American girl. Is dressed in ordinary 
clothes and carries a small, swinging handbag or 
change purse. 

Girl from India — Wears simple white dress, with 
white head covering of two yards of cheesecloth or 
other thin material, doubled lengthwise, wound over 
head and under chin so as to fall gracefully over her 
shoulders. Garland may be made on a foundation of 
slightly dampened rope into which wild sunflowers or 
other gay, plentiful blossoms are fastened. 

South American Girl — In middy suit or other 
simple, girlish costume. Big ribbon bow on her 
loosely arranged dark hair. 

Korean Girl — Full gathered white skirt reaching 
close up under arms, above which may be a short, plain 
jacket of white cloth tied in front. Hair parted 
smoothly and braided in tight braids without ribbons. 
Carries a little cloth bag of rice. 

Moslem Girl — Should be dressed in a simple light 
muslin, preferably with gathered blouse and skirt and 

162 



STEWARDSHIP 163 

flowing sleeves, with a pretty scarf arranged as head- 
dress. 

[May enters at right, carrying purse.] 

May: O, dear! It's nearly Sunday school time and 
I don't believe I have a penny left in my purse. 
[Tosses out on her hand a dime or two, several nickels, 
and a quarter.] This is Missionary Sunday too ; Our 
teacher always pays more attention to the class collec- 
tion on Missionary Sunday, and the superintendent 
talks about missions till I feel sort of mean when I 
don't put in anything. 

Some folks say we ought to give more on Missionary 
Sunday, and that may be all right for girls and boys 
that just ask their parents for the money, but I have 
to pay mine out of my allowance, and my allowance 
isn't nearly as big as some girls have. It's altogether 
too much to expect me to be denying myself all sorts 
of little things just to give money to stupid heathens 
that are probably quite as we'll off before the mission- 
aries go there as afterward ! But who in the world is 
that coming, I'd like to know ! 

[Enter a girl of India (at left).] 

Salaam! Salaam! [Bowing with- hand raised to 
forehead and dropped gracefully.] Are you not one of 
the dear Christian girls of America? 

May: I'm an American girl all right, and I suppose 
I'm a Christian. 

Miss India: How strange you do not know ! It must 
be because you and your family have always loved 
Jesus so much that you do not understand anything 
different. When my family became Christians my 



164 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

father and brothers were beaten till father's arm was 
broken and one of my brothers nearly died from his 
hurts. Besides, we had to stop drawing water from 
the village well ; and the only water we had to drink 
was what we could scoop up out of a horrid ditch. 
The good missionary showed us how to cook that 
water before we drank it or it would have killed us. 
I had to gather the grass and sticks to cook it with, and 
what hard work it was to get enough ! 

But now everybody in our village is Christian and 
O, how lovely that is ! I can sing two songs that the 
missionary lady says you sing over in America ; and I 
am learning to read in our village school. The school 
is not much like yours though ; we just go and sit under 
the big tamarind tree and our pastor's wife teaches us. 
She says I may have a chance .to go, by and by, to the 
mission school that you, dear friends in America, have 
given us out of your great love. I thank you with 
many salaams, and I bring you this garland to show 
my love. [Hangs a garland of flowers around May's 
neck and salaams smilingly as she turns away. Leaves 
stage at right.] 

[May remains at right. She appears somewhat be- 
wildered. Enter South American Girl.] 

Miss South America: I'm a South American girl 
from beautiful Argentina. Of course we weren't any- 
thing like heathen before my father heard a missionary 
speak and decided that religion isn't the silly, babyish 
thing most men in our country think it is. All the 
same, listening to the missionaries has made our home 
a very different place; and I've learned ever so 



STEWARDSHIP 165 

much from attending the mission school. Do you 
know, I used to think it wasn't "ladylike" to wait on 
myself or to take enough exercise to make my body 
strong and healthy ! Now I'm ready to challenge you 
to a game of tennis or volley ball any day, or to walk 
with you as far as you care to go. 

Of course I've learned plenty of other things, but I 
like best knowing what it means to be a real Christian. 
Thank you for that, North American cousin ! [Quick, 
graceful bow as she leaves.] 

[Enter Korean Girl, bows.] 

I am a Christian Korean girl, and I'm all ready for 
church, just as you are. See, mother let me carry the 
rice to-day. Isn't it a fine bagful ? We always try to 
take more than our tithe. 

[May looks puzzled.] 

May- What do you mean by your tithe ? 

Miss Korea: Why, our tenth. One tenth of every- 
thing we have is God's, you know. We Koreans have 
little money to give, so whenever mother starts to get 
a meal she puts God's share of the rice or millet in a 
jar by itself. Then on Sunday we take it to church, 
and everybody else does the same. At the time of the 
offering we all pour our grain on a nice, clean cloth on 
the floor. God understands that it means just the 
same as your money does ; but O, how I wish I could 
earn a shining piece of silver money to give him! 
[Nods shyly and exits.] 

[May stares at her purse. Enter a Moslem Girl.] 

Miss Egypt: My home is in Cairo in the old, old land 
of Egypt. Of course you have seen many pictures 



1 66 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

of the Pyramids and of other scenes in my land. Per- 
haps you have heard travelers tell of the close-shut 
houses through whose latticed windows many Moslem 
womeixget their only glimpse of the world. My sister 
w r as veiled before she was «my age, but I have been 
allowed to go to the mission school till I can read and 
write and know^ more than any other woman of our 
family ever dreamed of. Once I wrote a letter to one 
of the Cairo papers to tell how much I wanted to keep 
on going to school instead of being shut away from 
the world. That letter was printed too ! Of course 
I did not dare sign my own name on it, for that would 
have made my father furiously angry. I didn't dare 
write at home either. I wrote, one recess time, at 
school, and then slipped around like a thief and 
dropped it into the box where the missionaries put 
their letters. 

It isn't likely that girls will be allowed to leave off 
the veil while I am young, but maybe my letter will 
help a little toward making other girls free. Think 
of a Cario paper printing a letter from a girl! That 
would never have happened without the influence of 
your Christian missionaries. Thank you, O, thank 
you, dear generous American girls ! [Bows and leaves 
stage at left.] 

May: O ! I never felt so cheap in my life. How big 
a share do those girls think I've had in sending 'em 
missionaries and schools? Of course I mean to do 
something when I'm grown up and have lots of money, 
but I haven't wanted to help as much as I can right 
now. I — I wonder if it wouldn't be best to begin 



STEWARDSHIP 167 

putting God's share to one side nozv, as those poor 
Koreans do ! One tenth of everything they have ! 

According to that, I'm afraid most of his share has 
gone for ice-cream sundaes this summer — but it shan't 
hereafter! I'll pay part of it back this morning too! 
[Beginning to look coins over again.] I won't let that 
Korean girl do so much better than I do ! 

[Still thoughtfully regarding her pieces of money, 
May follows the other girls off stage.] 



THE VILLAGE PRIEST 

Suggestions: The following story may be told by the leader 
or by some member of the department just before the offering: 

Many years ago, so the story runs, there lived a 
village priest in Europe whose parishioners desired to 
give him a pleasant surprise on the anniversary of a 
long and faithful service. It was in the days when 
wine was in good repute, and so it was decided that 
after nightfall a cask should be placed on the steps of 
the beloved priest's home, and then each man in the 
community was to bring his finest bottle of wine from 
the cellar and pour it into the cask. In this way the 
cask would be filled with the best wine which the 
community could afford. The plan worked according 
to schedule, and the next morning the priest, seeing the 
cask and appreciating what his friends had done, was 
much gratified. 

When he took his cup, however, to draw out the first 
taste of wine, nothing but clear water emerged from 
the cask. It seemed that all the men in the community 
had done exactly the same thing. In other words, 
each man, thinking that all his neighbors were going 
to pour in a bottle of their best wine, came to the con- 
clusion that he could without detection save his wine 
for himself by pouring in a bottle of water instead of 
wine. A single bottle of water in so much good wine 
would never be noticed. He would get all the credit 
of giving his best, while at the same time he would be 
able to keep it for himself. The morning light, how- 

168 



STEWARDSHIP 169 

ever, revealed the contemptible character of such shal- 
low protestations of love. It showed two things : first, 
that the people in the community cared more about 
themselves than they did about anyone else ; and, iif the 
second place, their willingness to let their neighbors 
bear the community burdens while they shared in the 
common glory. 

There are some people in the world like that to-day. 
They like to congratulate themselves on the fine 
achievements of their country or their church, but they 
try to bear as small a part of the common task as 
possible. Such people have not caught the spirit of 
Jesus, who came "not to be ministered unto but to 
minister/' and who taught that it is "more blessed to 
give than to receive." 



"IS IT NOTHING TO YOU?" 

Suggestions: The following recitation, arranged by Augusta 
Walden Comstock, may be given by a young girl dressed in 
white with a white filet of ribbon about her head. It is ap- 
propriate for use just before the taking of the missionary 
offering. 

I am Conscience. I come to you to-day to remind 
you of some of the opportunities you have had and will 
have to send the gospel to others. For some weeks 
now I have tried to persuade you to help answer the 
calls that come from the suffering, sin-burdened 
peoples of the world. 

You admire unselfishness in others. Then why not 
be yourself unselfish? Sometimes I have had to give 
you a sharp prick to remind you that you were really 
very selfish. Some of you are too much like the little 
girl who, after she had seen a very hungry beggar, 
said, "O Lord, it's none of my business, is it?" She 
did not want it to be any of her business. 

Is it not your business that thousands of boys and 
girls are hungry and are suffering from sin and 
ignorance ? Should you selfishly spend all your money 
and thought on yourself, when many sadly need a share 
of both ? 

Is it nothing to you who build God's shrines 
And array them with golden glow, 

That millions are dying without the light 
Because we have failed to know ? 
170 



STEWARDSHIP 171 

Is it nothing to you who have the keys 
To the kingdom of light and love, 

That the door is bolted and all is dark 
And the Saviour pleads above? 

Is it nothing to you, since faith and hope 

Have mantled your earthly way, 
That others are kept in the darkest night 

And you have the blaze of day? 

Is it nothing to you that the Bible stays 

A precious, but sealed up book, 
And you with the light of the Father's face 

Could brighten the darkest nook ? 



XVII 

WESTERN AMERICA 

A MAP TALK ON THE FRONTIER 

Suggestions: For use in connection with this talk a good 
wall map of the United States should be secured, and the 
speaker provided with a pointer so that he can refer to the 
map from time to time. For the purpose of this talk we are 
thinking of the frontier as consisting of the following States : 
Washington, Oregon, California, Montana, Idaho, Nevada, 
Arizona, Utah, Wyoming, South Dakota , North Dakota, 
Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, and Minnesota. The following 
facts may be used as a basis for the talk. As many facts as 
possible should, however, be drawn from the group by 
questions. 

These States (as indicated above) include almost 
one half of the territory of the United States proper, 
but according to the census of 1910 only 17.7 per cent 
of the United States lives in this region. The statistics 
indicate, however, that this section is growing very 
rapidly. 

In this entire region the average density of popula- 
tion is nine persons to the square mile. When we 
remember that in Belgium the population before the 
war was 589 to the square mile; in Holland, 455; in 
Italy, 405, and in many other countries almost as much, 
we get some idea of the almost unlimited possibilities 
for the future development of our great West, and of 

172 



WESTERN AMERICA 173 

the very great importance of the religious work which 
is being established in this territory. 

The vast agricultural development and the large 
mining and lumber interests in this region provide 
special conditions and special problems. Thousands 
of homesteaders and other new settlers move in every 
year. 

Sometimes we think that our "Little Italics'' and 
"Little Russias" are all in our Eastern States, but 
such is not the case. There are many sections of the 
West which are entirely given over to foreign-speaking 
groups. 

Some of our most radical Bolshevist agitators have 
developed in this region. 

Arizona's largest immigration is from old Mexico. 
California gains more Italian immigrants than any 
other nationality. Many Spaniards go to Idaho, prob- 
ably attracted by the grazing lands there. German 
farmers go to Kansas, while Croatians and Slovenians 
have settled largely in Kansas City. Kansas City is 
said to be the largest Croatian city in the United 
States. Minnesota attracts Scandinavians; Nebraska 
seems to be particularly attractive to Hebrews and 
Italians. In Utah there are many Danish and English 
settlers, while many other race and foreign groups are 
scattered throughout this vast Western country. Of 
course this includes Oriental groups of considerable 
size. The influx of Mexicans has been increasing in 
recent years. 

In all but two of these States the percentage of 
church membership is less than the average for the 



174 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

entire United States. One of these exceptional States 
is Utah, where a large proportion of the people are 
Mormon, and are therefore counted as church mem- 
bers. Yet, so far as we are concerned, Utah remains 
one of the most needy mission fields. 

Wyoming has the unenviable distinction of having 
the smallest percentage of church membership in its 
population of any State in the United States. 

The Catholic Church is relatively strong ■ in this 
Western region. 

An investigation some time ago revealed the fact 
that in thousands of communities in these Western 
States, boys and girls are growing up — and many have 
grown up — to maturity without ever having had an 
opportunity to attend church or Sunday school, and 
without any instruction concerning the Christian re- 
ligion or the Christian God. 

In the West, as in every new country, Christian 
institutions can be firmly established only as they re- 
ceive outside aid while the establishment is being 
accomplished. This is our present task and our fine 
opportunity. 



A MAP TALK ON MONTANA 

Suggestions: A large outline map of Montana prepared by 
one of the pupils indicating the chief rivers and mountain 
ranges, and a pointer, will provide the equipment for this talk. 
Draw out from the class members by questions as many facts 
as possible. Supplement your own information by the use of 
encyclopedias and reference books. 

Montana is not the largest State in the Union, but 
it is large enough, especially to an Easterner. 

If you were to take the State of Maine, and add to 
it the States of Vermont, New Hampshire, Massa- 
chusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New 
Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland, you would still lack 
an area larger than' the State of Massachusetts of hav- 
ing as much land as there is in the State of Montana 
alone. 

The fastest trains crossing Montana require more 
than twenty-four hours to cross the State. 

The former Austria is smaller than Montana, and 
Hungary, which is larger than Austria, is also consid- 
erably smaller than Montana. 

The population of Montana is less than 500,000, but 
the population of Hungary before the war was 
21,000,000, and that of Austria 29,000,000. 

Montana is 540 miles from east to west, and it has 
an average width of 275 miles. The eastern three 
fifths of the State consists largely of plains at an eleva- 
tion ranging from one fourth of a mile to a mile. In 
The western part of the State there are various peaks 
rising to a height of more than two miles. 

175 



176 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

It is estimated that there are 30,000,000 acres of 
level land to be farmed in Montana. 

The climate of Montana is in general dry and health- 
ful. 

Montana has many interesting wild animals: Jack 
rabbits, prairie dogs, coyotes, bison, bears, moose, elk, 
deer, and wolves. 

Montana produces many minerals : copper, silver, 
gold, lead, zinc, and coal. 

Millions of sheep, cattle, and horses graze on the 
plains of Montana. 

In 1870 there were only 20,006 people in the State of 
Montana. To-day there are nearly half a million. 

There are some 11,000 Indians in the State. 

In 1910 the major part of the church population of 
Montana was Catholic. Methodists, Presbyterians, 
Episcopalians, Congregationalists, and other denomina- 
tions are also active. 

Like all frontier States, Montana is, and will be, 
religiously what we help to make her. 



A MAP TALK ON WYOMING 

Suggestions: An outline map of Wyoming and the adjoin- 
ing States should be drawn on the blackboard or on a piece 
of manila paper. Draw out as much information as possible 
by questions. Supplement your own information by consult- 
ing encyclopedias and other sources. 

Wyoming is one of our largest frontier States. It 
is 369 miles from east to west and 276 miles from 
north to south. 

The territory of Wyoming, with the exception of 
one corner, formed a part of the Louisiana Purchase 
of 1803. The State was admitted to the Union in 
1890. 

The Rocky Mountains cross Wyoming. The peaks 
reach nearly three miles in height. 

The climate is dry and healthful. 

The State produces coal, petroleum, agricultural 
products, and many horses, mules, cows, sheep, and 
swine. There is much lumber but little manufacturing. 

The population of Wyoming in 1870 was only 9,000. 
To-day it is more than 140,000. In 1910 there were 
almost twice as many males as females in the State. 
This indicates the frontier character of the State. 

The combined membership of all religious bodies 
comprises a little more than one fourth of the total 
population. The Roman Catholics come first, the 
Mormons second, and Protestants third. 

Wyoming enjoys the unenviable distinction of hav- 
ing a smaller proportion of church members than any 
other State of our West. 

177 



A MAP TALK ON COLORADO 

Suggestions: An outline map of Colorado, and a pointer 
form all the equipment necessary for this talk. 

Colorado is known as the "Centennial State," be- 
cause it was admitted to the Union in 1876. 

Colorado, with the exception of Wyoming, is the 
most elevated State of the Union. Pike's Peak is the 
most famous mountain, but there are [twenty-two 
others higher than Pike's Peak. 

The dry climate and pure atmosphere are considered 
beneficial to health. 

Colorado is best known as a mining State, although 
in 1912 it ranked eleventh among the mineral produc- 
ing States of the Union. 

Colorado had a late start as an agricultural State, 
but agriculture is being largely developed. 

Large herds of cattle and sheep are raised here. 

Much of the land of Colorado must be irrigated 
before it is of value. 

Colorado is the most populous of the Rocky Moun- 
tain States. The population is estimated at nearly 
1,000,000. 

Colorado has a large foreign-born population. Only 
a little more than half of the population is native white 
of native parentage. 

Colorado has a greater railway mileage than any 
other of the Rocky Mountain States. 

Because of the many new projects in Colorado, 
including mining developments, irrigation projects, 

178 



WESTERN AMERICA 179 

and similar enterprises, there are countless new towns 
where people will live and boys and girls grow to 
maturity without religious training or opportunity 
unless help is received from the outside. That is a 
part of our home missionary task. 

The church has done much in missionary work in 
Colorado, and the State will require more assistance, 
both of men and money, in working out its religious 
future. 



XVIII 
WORLD 

THE VISION OF A WORLD'S NEED 

Suggestions: The following plea for a needy world should 
be learned in advance and presented as a reading or declama- 
tion by some member of the department. It can be appropri- 
ately used just before the taking of the missionary offering. 
It may be preceded by a few words of explanation from the 
leader. 

I speak for the vision of a world to be won for 
Christ. I tell of great opportunity in India, where 
multitudes wait in the darkness of ignorance and 
superstition for the freedom which only Christ can 
give, where boys and girls grow up without schools, and 
where countless millions lie down hungry each night 
because the food which they need their poverty will 
not permit them to secure. 

I tell of China, that vast land housing one fourth 
of the human race, a land groping blindly for democ- 
racy and Christianity, but handicapped for lack of the 
things which we might supply. 

I speak of Africa, a country so huge that a journey 
around its borders is equal to a trip around the world ; 
a country where eighty million children of the jungle 
stand ready to accept Christianity, but where the mis- 
sionaries of Mohammed are making converts three 
times as fast as the missionaries of the cross. 

1 80 



WORLD 181 

I speak of Malaysia, that "Melting Pot of the East," 
where millions of natives and other multitudes of im- 
migrants of many sorts look to America for help and 
guidance. 

I speak of South America, our nearest neighbor, our 
sister continent, a land rich in natural resources, but 
lacking the things which alone can bring true progress 
— the Christian home, the open Bible, a free church, 
and the rock foundation of Christian principles and 
ideals. 

I tell of Europe, devastated and torn by war, in need 
of our material assistance, but perhaps even more 
ready than we dream to accept our spiritual guidance ; 
of Europe, where a great calamity has opened up for 
us unexpected doors of opportunity for service. 

And then I speak to you of our homeland. I might 
tell you of a past of which we are justly proud; but I 
speak instead of unsolved problems to be faced, of in- 
justice where we ought to find justice, of race antago- 
nism instead of brotherhood, of selfishness where we 
should meet unselfishness, of unchurched multitudes, 
of unreached and neglected boys and girls, and of an 
army of idealistic youth who need above all the steady- 
ing influence of a stupendous task. 

Thus I reveal to you the vision of a world to be won 
for Him who came that they might have life, and that 
they might have it more abundantly, but who made us 
the channels without which the life-giving streams can 
never reach a needy world. 



"YOU ARE THE HOPE OF THE WORLD" 

Suggestions: The following may be used as a basis for a 
leader's talk in the Intermediate Department. 

Boys and girls are the most important beings in all 
the world. 

How could it be otherwise ? There are so many of 
them! 

If all the boys and girls of the world under fifteen 
years of age were gathered together there would be 
enough of them to replace every man, woman and child 
in the United States six times over. Think of it — six 
nations as large as the United States and not a person 
over fifteen years of age. 

This crowd, however, would mean more than mere 
numbers, for in it you would find all the future states- 
men, authors, ministers, doctors, lawyers, business 
men, teachers, and the like upon .which the welfare of 
the world depends. 

Of course you would find there too all the criminals, 
scoundrels, and rascals of every sort who will in the 
future rise up to annoy society. 

In other words that crowd of more than six hundred 
million youngsters will determine the future of the 
world's history. 

Looking a little more closely, however, we discover 
some startling facts. One half of these boys and girls 
live in Asia and Africa, where for the most part Sun- 
day schools are unheard of, public schools, with the 
possible exception of Japan, are almost unknown, and 
Christian homes are very scarce indeed. 

182 



WORLD 183 

Think of it, the future of one half the world in the 
hands of boys and girls who cannot read or write in 
any language, who are ignorant of Jesus Christ, and 
who never have had a Christian home ! 

When we turn to South America we find the boys 
and girls hardly more fortunate: ignorance, supersti- 
tion, irreligion, and immorality abound. 

When we speak of Europe it is in hushed tones. 
Multitudes of the boys and girls of Europe have been 
sacrificed upon the altar of war. 

Do you wonder that a very wise man wrote a book 
recently addressed to the boys and girls of America, in 
which he said over and over again, "Boys and girls of 
America, you are the hope of the world"? 

Yes, you, the boys arid girls of America, you are the 
hope of the world. You have plenty to eat while 
millions of the boys and girls of the world go to bed 
hungry every night. Many of them have never in 
their entire lives had a chance to sit down and eat a full 
meal of wholesome food. 

You have schools while hundreds of millions of 
boys and girls live in ignorance and superstition. 

You have the Bible and a knowledge of Jesus Christ 
while a very large proportion of the boys and girls of 
the world have neither. 

What are you going to do about it ? 

That is the most important question that you face 
to-day. The world is waiting for your answer. 

Yes, your answer — you, the boys and girls of 
America, for "You are the hope of the world." 



LIFE INVESTMENT 



Suggestions: 
leader's talk. 



The following may be used as the basis for a 






A few months ago, while the war was still in active 
progress, an Englishman stopped to buy some tickets 
from a Boy Scout. 

"And how are you Scouts getting along now ?" said 
the purchaser. 

"Finely, sir, thank you," said the little chap, proudly. 
"Five of us have died already!" 

This rather unusual answer was but the natural 
result of the environment of self-sacrifice in which the 
boy had been living. To have a chance to give one's 
life was indeed to be "getting along finely." 

Lieutenant Colonel Whittlesey, who commanded the 
"Lost Battalion," said recently : "The finest thing about 
the entire experience in Europe was the fact that we 
were all engaged in a great, unselfish enterprise. 
Selfish interest was forgotten and everyone stood 
ready to share his meanest comforts or to undergo the 
greatest hardship or dangers for the sake of the com- 
mon good." 

The war has helped us to learn over again the lesson 
which Jesus tried so long ago to teach his followers, 
namely, that "Whosoever shall lose his life, the same 
shall save it." 

We shall make a serious mistake if as young people 
we imagine that now we can settle down into lives of 
luxury and selfish indulgence and through such a 

184 



WORLD 185 

process gain real joy or genuine success. The 
great fundamental principles of life which were so 
thoroughly tested in the w r ar remain ever the same. 
The only true satisfactions are to be found in service 
and not in selfish gratification. This is not an easy 
lesson to learn, but it is an important one. 

The world's needs are to-day so great that for any 
young person to shape his life without due regard for 
them is to insure failure at the beginning of the race. 

We have been engaged in a great war to make the 
world safe for democracy. In our own country, 
where democracy has succeeded best, we have been 
dependent upon the Christian home, the public school, 
and the church to build up those qualities of character, 
without which democracy will ever be of little value. 

To-day, however, almost two thirds of the people of 
the world have either never heard of Jesus Christ or 
have an entirely misleading conception of him; one 
half the world's population over six years of age can- 
not read or write any language, and throughout much 
of the world anything corresponding to a Christian 
home is unknown. 

These are some of the conditions which you and I 
face. And the biggest job in all the world just now is 
to help to set some of these wrong conditions to rights. 

The millions of money raised for missions will 
amount to little unless young men and women give 
their lives. And these young men and women must 
come from those now enrolled in Sunday school. 
They must come from schools like our own, from 
classes like those now assembled in this room, and 



1 86 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

from ordinary homes like those from which we 
come. 

Not long ago a good-sized Sunday school, in going 
over its records, found that not in its entire history had 
it sent out a minister, a missionary, or a religious 
worker of any sort. What would you think of a com- 
munity in our own country from which not a single 
boy had gone into the army? Such a community 
would be immediately put into the "slacker" class. I 
wonder if there are any slacker Sunday schools. 

The church needs several thousand new workers 
within the next few years, and the needs will increase 
rather than diminish as the years progress. Would 
it not be fine if some of you who sit within the hearing 
of my voice should be so stirred by the appeal of the 
world's needs that you will say, "Here am I. I will 
work, I will study, I will prepare myself, and I will 
spend and be spent until people everywhere have a fair 
chance at the good things of life" ? 






A CALL FROM AFAR 

Suggestions: The various parts of the following exercise, 
arranged by Augusta Walden Comstock, may be given out in 
advance and learned by the participants. 

(By a Boy) 

An old story says that in a great forest lived a band 
of brave knights who were "The Knights of the Silver 
Shield" because each received, when he became a 
knight, a dull silver shield. 

Bravely these knights went wherever they were 
needed. Sometimes they stormed castles, sometimes 
they defended helpless women and children, sometimes 
they fought with wild beasts. Of one thing only were 
these knights afraied — that their shields should remain 
dull. That proclaimed to the world, "This knight has 
done no noble deed." Each unselfish, brave deed 
made the shield grow brighter and brighter, and the 
knight who did the bravest and highest service would 
find a golden star in the heart of his shining shield. 

But that was long ago, and the knights are gone. Is 
there no work that needs your strength and courage? 
You are knights of Jesus Christ, but many of your 
shields are still dull. Be quick to do such deeds of 
unselfishness and courage that on your shining shield 
may come the "star" of a great deed well performed. 

THE MASTER'S CALL 

(By a girl) 
Our Master says : "I will give you a chance to help 

i8 7 



188 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

in a war against sin and ignorance. I want you to 
know more about the lives of boys and girls far across 
the sea. I want you to pray for them. I want you 
to deny yourself some luxury and use the money thus 
saved to send comfort and help to the needy of other 
lands. I want the whole world to know that this is a 
Sunday school whose boys and girls dare to undertake 
anything for Jesus Christ/' 

THE CALL FROM CACTUS LAND 

(By a boy) 

The boys and girls of Mexico call to you for help. 
"If no one comes to teach us and our parents, we shall 
never know that we can come to Jesus without a priest. 
We shall never know that Jesus and heaven are for the 
very poorest child. We shall believe that the Bible is a 
very bad book, as the priest says. How are we to 
know that it is a good book unless you send some one 
to tell us? Hundreds of us are hungry for books and 
study. But how can we be satisfied without schools 
and teachers ? Won't you send some one to help us ?" 

THE CALL FROM THE OLDEST NATION 

(By a girl) 
The girls of China call to you for help: "When we 
are born everybody is sorry. Our fathers are angry 
because we aren't boys, and our mothers cry. When 
we are older our fathers will not send us to school, for 
they say we don't know any more than cows, and cows 
can't read. Sometimes we have to go with our 
mothers to take presents to idols in the temples, but we 



WORLD 189 

know the ugly idols cannot hear us or help us. You 
don't know how terrible it is to be a girl in China. 
Won't you send some one to tell our parents about 
Jesus, who loves little children, who loves girls just as 
much as boys ?" 

THE CALL FROM INDIA 

(By a girl) 

The girls of India call to you for help: "If no one 
comes to tell our parents about Jesus, they will marry 
us, perhaps when we are only five years old, to men 
whom we may never have seen. We will have to be 
their servants as long as they live. If one of them 
dies, they will say it was because we are so wicked. 
We will be scolded and punished. They will dress us 
in rags, and often we shall have nothing at all to eat. 
We shall always be treated unkindly as long as we live. 
Won't you send some one to tell our fathers and 
mothers what Jesus said about loving little children?" 

THE CALL FROM AFRICA 

(By a Boy) 

The children of Africa call to you for help : "We are 
savages because we do not know any other way to live. 
We are afraid of evil spirits which we believe to be 
hidden everywhere, waiting to harm us. We pray to 
snakes, stones, sticks, and idols. They say there is a 
God who loves boys and girls even if their skins are 
black, and who can make fine men out of savages. 
Does he do it? Is there really a better way to live? 
Then won't you give the children of Africa a chance?" 



"FLING OUT THE BANNER" IN PANTOMIME 

Suggestions: For a brief dramatic program, a hymn panto- 
mime is always effective. In the following exercise, arranged 
by Madeleine Sweeny Miller, the song accompaniment should 
be rendered slowly by a chorus or single voice, with every 
word distinctly enunciated. Careful team-work at rehearsals 
will enable the performers to time their actions to the lines of 
the hymn. No curtain is needed. 

Superintendent: So familiar have the great hymns 
of the church become to many of us that we often sing 
them semiconsciously, automatically, while scores of 
foreign thoughts go racing through our minds. With 
the desire of directing our attention to the meaningful 
depth of "Fling Out the Banner," one of our great 
missionary hymns, we have arranged our special 

program this morning. It will be presented by 

class, with song accompaniment by . The entire 

school is asked to join in singing "Lead On, O King 
Eternal/' at the close of the pantomime when the 
signal is given. 

PANTOMIME 

Verse i. At the opening strains a young girl, dressed in 
white, or a boy of twelve, steps to platform, and at the words 

"Fling out the banner, let it float, 

Skyward and seaward high and wide," 

flings out triumphantly a large Christian flag, holding it thus 
throughout the verse. 

"The sun that lights its shining folds, 

The cross on which the Saviour died." 

190 



WORLD 191 

If artificial light of any sort can be cast on the flag, it will be 
most effective. 

Verse 2. While flag-bearer remains standing erect at center 
of platform with banner raised aloft, several girls in long 
white robes, with hair flowing beneath gold halos, enter and 
take places a few feet behind flag-bearer, standing on graded 
elevations (small steps or covered boxes). During the first 
three lines 

"Fling out the banner ! Angels bend. 
In anxious silence o'er the sign, 
And vainly seek to comprehend/' 

they lean in wonderment down toward the banner, looking 
questioningly at one another. Some point toward it with up- 
turned palms of hands, others tilt heads in that direction, or 
knit brows questioningly. At the last line, 

"The wonder of the love Divine," 

they look aloft, with hands clasped. 

Verse 3. While banner-bearer and angels remain standing 
where they were, at rear left appears a group, including a 
Japanese, an African, an Indian, or any other "heathen" de- 
sired, in native dress. During the first two lines, 

"Fling out the banner ! Heathen lands 

Shall see from far the glorious sight," 

they huddle timidly at rear of stage, gazing at flag. At third 
and fourth lines, 

"And nations crowding to be born, 
Baptize their spirits in its light" 

they rush to the foot of the banner and kneel before it with 
bowed heads and clasped hands. • 

Verse 4. With all the groups remaining intact, an unkempt, 
shabbily dressed woman of the streets enters at rear right, 
and during first two lines, 



i 9 2 MAKING MISSIONS REAL 

"Fling out the banner! Sin-sick souls, 
That sink and perish in the strife," 
falls in heap on platform. During the third and fourth lines, 

"Shall touch in faith its radiant hem, 
And spring immortal into life," 

she rises, crawls to flag, and kisses it radiantly. 

Verse 5. By this time a considerable group of persons are 
on the platform, and while the soloists, or chorus, sing the 
first two lines of verse 5, 

"Fling out the banner ! Let it float, 

Skyward and seaward, high and wide, ,, 

they all rise and answer by singing the last two lines, 

"Our glory only in the cross, 

Our only hope the Crucified." 

During this action the banner-bearer may wave flag. 

Verse 6. Chorus or soloist, together with all on platform, 
should sing verse 6, exultantly, 

"Fling out the banner high and wide, 
Seaward and skyward let it shine." 
During "seaward" the "heathen" may point in that direction, |j 
and as "skyward" is sung angels point on high. 

"Nor skill nor might, nor merit ours, 
We conquer only in that sign." 

During last line all should raise one arm high and point 
toward the flag with the other. 

Following Verse 6, the pianist should swing immediately into 

"Lead on, O King Eternal," 
and entire school should sing this hymn with the pantomime 
groups as they march off led by banner-bearer. 



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